shopping mall thesis project

Shopping Universe: Exploring Relationship Between Consumption and Work in Shopping Malls | Architecture Thesis

Information

• Project Name: Shopping Universe
• Student Name: Wei-Chieh Wang, Meng-Jung Ho
• Softwares/Plugins: AutoCAD , Rhinoceros 3d , Grasshopper , Unreal Engine
• Discipline: Architecture
• Level: Masters Design Thesis
• Institute: Southern California Institute of Architecture (SCI-Arc)
• Location: Los Angeles
• Country: United States

Excerpt: ‘ Shopping Universe ’ is an architecture thesis by Wei-Chieh Wang and Meng-Jung Ho from the Southern California Institute of Architecture (SCI-Arc) that explores how consumption and labour are intricately related within the context of shopping mall architecture. The study proposes redefining shopping centres as dynamic, hybrid spaces that combine labour and commercial functions, addressing pressing concerns like unsustainable consumption patterns and declining visitor engagement.

Introduction: The ‘ Shopping Universe ’ explores how consumption and labour are intricately related within the context of shopping mall architecture. The project examines how these spaces function as both commercial hubs and labour environments, challenging traditional dichotomies like work/consumption and public/private. This approach reveals the intricate relationship between labour and consumption, which is often overlooked and misleads the perceptions that these two activities are distinct.

The thesis focuses on redefining shopping centres as dynamic, hybrid spaces that combine labour and commercial functions, rather than just transactional places. The pressing concerns that malls are currently facing are addressed by this change, such as unsustainable consumption patterns and declining visitor engagement. Malls can develop into vital “third places” for socialising, leisure, and civic engagement by creating an environment that promotes community interaction and environmental responsibility.

Site Context

The site for the intervention is Hawthorne Plaza , an abandoned mall in southwest Los Angeles County. The site has been inactive for almost 15 years, despite numerous failed attempts at redevelopment since the late 1990s. The site is an ideal location for transformation because of its extended vacant status and the dearth of public green spaces in the neighbourhood. The project intends to breathe new life into the area by fusing entertainment options with new developments, expanding retail, employment, and leisure opportunities while promoting environmental sustainability and community engagement.

Final Outcome

The proposed design for the shopping center at Hawthorne Plaza integrates three essential elements: the production space, the commercial space, and a communal area known as “the third place.” A community-based recycling system connects these spaces seamlessly, creating a dynamic and mutually beneficial environment that breathes new life into the idea of a mall.

This innovative design encourages local community participation in the upcycling process. The center will actively collect unwanted waste from the community, which is then converted into raw materials. On-site designers use these materials to create customised products that are then sold in the same place, encouraging a closed-loop production and consumption system.

The facility houses four specialized reprocessing units for glass, plastic, textiles, and paper, each designed to transform waste into reusable raw materials. These materials are managed by a sophisticated automated system, including a vertical conveyor that facilitates the transfer of sorted waste to designated storage areas.

Each reprocessing station is equipped with all the necessary machinery to maximize both the functionality of the space and the efficiency of the process. After being redirected to the proper rooftop facilities, waste materials are transformed into usable raw materials and then stored on-site so that designers can access them.

The layout of the mall encapsulates a vibrant mix of retail stores, dining options, and galleries, showcasing the entire lifecycle of products. The design strategically separates but visually integrates the flow of materials and visitors, enhancing the educational and immersive experience. This transparency not only allows visitors to witness the art of craftsmanship and repurposing up close but also cultivates a deeper appreciation for sustainable practices.

Additionally, the mall’s architecture incorporates recycled materials into its undulating façade, reflecting the properties of the textiles, papers, or plastics reprocessed within. These materials are creatively adapted into diverse building elements with varied shapes, colors, and patterns, symbolizing the innovative spirit of our space.

Beyond a mere shopping destination, the mall is reenvisioned as a dynamic venue that redefines consumer interaction with production. This hybrid space, part commercial and part creative hub, facilitates a new model of consumer engagement, blending economic transactions with educational moments.

Complementing the sustainable design, the rooftop features landscaped greenery that serves both as a primary observational pathway for visitors and a scenic connector between different parts of the mall. The proposal envisions a sustainable, open-air shopping center that harmoniously integrates with its environment, promoting a sustainable lifestyle through innovative design and operation.

This shopping mall promotes environmentally responsible building practices by introducing transparency to product lifecycles and establishing a circular production chain. Consumers are actively repurposing used objects, giving them a second life and redefining the role of buying and discarding. The unique identity of the products is achieved through regionally sourced materials, resulting in a variety of final products reflecting local characteristics, rather than mass production standards.

The reimagined shopping mall aims to create a system of spatial and labor-product relationships, extending beyond the physical building. It outlines the entire production reality, from material extraction to product assembly and customization. Machines play a crucial role in recycling waste, bridging the gap between the product and manufacturing processes. The mall also encourages consumers to repurpose consumption and redefine their roles in social and ecological environments. By associating itself with sustainability and nature, it could create a distinctive identity.

Conclusion: Ultimately, this project envisions shopping malls as pivotal spaces in promoting a circular economy, where every phase of a product’s lifecycle—from creation to repurposing—is visible and integral to the consumer experience. This model not only challenges the traditional roles of buying and discarding but also redefines the mall’s role in a modern urban landscape, making it a cornerstone of sustainability and social interaction.

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PLANNING, ANALYSIS AND DESIGNING OF SHOPPING MALL

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Buhrman, Tiffany. "Effects of Hedonic and Utilitarian Shopping Satisfaction on Mall Consumption." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2002. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3188/.

Caliskan, Ekrem Bahadir. "Acoustical Evaluation Of Shopping Mall Typology." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612594/index.pdf.

Magnusson, Louise, and Milja Sjöberg. "An investigation about e-commerce integrated with shopping mall – How can a shopping mall integrate e-commerce?" Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-146888.

Crompton, Stephen. "The American mall." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2012. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2846.

Galati, Adriano. "Delay tolerant networking in a shopping mall environment." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/28289/.

Leventhal, Alexis. "Landover Regional Shopping Center the perceptions and realities that caused a mall to fall /." Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/1011.

Tang, Yung-chi, and 鄧勇志. "Evaluation on shopping mall renovations : lesson from the link." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/194933.

McBrayer, David Lamar. "Country place : a suburban shopping mall at Webb, Georgia." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22401.

Hopkins, Jeffrey. "Landscape of myths and elsewhereness : West Edmonton Mall." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39345.

Taitz, Darin Ryan. "Mall re-imagined reconsidering a Cape Town shopping centre." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5584.

DiRutigliano, Corey Michael. "City Centered; Debating the Future of a Failed Downtown Mall." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1243531685.

Batty, R. J. "Fantasia NZ? : the Disneyfication of the New Zealand shopping mall." Lincoln University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/584.

Lai, Wai-kwan, and 賴慧君. "Shopping mall repositioning : a case study of New Town Plaza." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/194922.

Lam, Wai-sum Shirley. "The new meaning of shopping mall and its implications to future development /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40988417.

Kerley, Eric Scott. "All stripped down : Iconography in the American Mini-Mall." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22722.

Henderson-Smith, Barbara, and n/a. "From Booth to Shop to Shopping Mall: Continuities in Consumer Spaces from 1650 to 2000." Griffith University. School of Film, Media and Cultural Studies, 2003. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20040618.134501.

Cheng, Tik-sang Steve. "Information technology for service enhancement in shopping mall a case study of MegaBox /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42905436.

Jewell, N. G. S. "Socialism and shopping : the role of the shopping mall in the formation of public space in modern China." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1406494/.

Kwong, Yim-ming, and 鄺艷明. "Mall as leisure space : a comparative analysis of perceptions between Hong Kong residents and mainland visitors in shopping malls in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/208030.

Al-Humadi, Rasha (current name Lisa Edisen). "3D Virtual Shopping Mall : Towards Transformation of levels from 2D to 3D." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, fysik och matematik, DFM, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-22457.

Lam, Wai-sum Shirley, and 林慧心. "The new meaning of shopping mall and its implications to future development." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45009375.

Sanchez, Marissa R. "A Comparison of Mall Shopping Behavior Between Hispanic-Americans and Anglo-Americans." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2002. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3213/.

WAGNER, MICHAEL E. "WHY WE SHOP: REACTIVATING THE CONSUMER." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1148062897.

Yuen, Chi-kong Andy. "Contexts of blue ocean strategy & its implications to market regional shopping arcades an analysis on marketing strategies of The APM shopping mall & the Link shopping centre /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42905680.

Manne, Gabriel, and Henrik Bergström. "När galleriorna tystnar : En analys av köpcentrums framtid i en digital värld." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-278552.

Cheng, Tik-sang Steve, and 鄭滌生. "Information technology for service enhancement in shopping mall: a case study of MegaBox." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42905436.

Yuen, Chi-kong Andy, and 袁志江. "Contexts of blue ocean strategy & its implications to market regional shopping arcades: an analysis on marketingstrategies of The APM shopping mall & the Link shopping centre." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42905680.

Lee, Wen-Chieh, and 李文傑. "The Research of Characteristics of Consumer Behaviors in Shopping Malls: Using Tai-Mall Shopping Mall as an Example." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67297402602500784687.

"Urban path in shopping mall." 2003. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5891768.

Wang, Mu-Lien, and 王木連. "Energy Management on the Shopping Mall." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/p3bjsp.

Wang, Li-Hang, and 王麗涵. "Consumers’ Visual Preference in Mall Shopping." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/en99e5.

Li, Chia-Hao, and 李佳豪. "Fire Simulation Analysis of Shopping Mall." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18439803175175834125.

Huang, Hsin-yi, and 黃馨儀. "Shopping Experience, Shopping Culture：A Case Study of Taipei 101 Mall." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35638407457299026558.

Zietsman, Lucille. "Profiling male apparel consumers : demographic characteristics, lifestyle, shopping orientation, patronage behaviour and shopping mall behaviour." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17412.

Tseng, Chien-wei, and 曾建偉. "The Influence on Customer Satisfaction by Shopping Mall's Premium Promotion with Shopping Mall in Dream Mall as Example." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67336725212855040707.

"Shopping mall as privately owned public space." 2010. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5893947.

Lin, Yen-Ting, and 林彥廷. "A Study on the Image and Experience of Customers in Shopping Mall: A Case of Breeze Center Shopping Mall." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87621774483294673480.

Lee, CHUNG-YANG, and 李重洋. "Research on Fire Asylum Verification Data of Compound Shopping Mall - Take a Shopping Mall in Taichung as an Example." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/p7833u.

Chen, Chun-hao, and 陳鈞浩. "Exploring Dynamic Capabilities of Large Scale Shopping Malls- Case Studies of Dream Mall and Windance Shopping Center." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84004631925705935776.

Lin, Fang-YI, and 林芳儀. "Analysis of Consumer behavior in Internet Shopping Mall." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95859089625460968630.

Chen, Li-chung, and 陳立中. "The Study of Shopping Mall Positioning in Taiwan." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66090070572355303787.

Green, Warren Roland. "SymbioCity: reconceptualising the future of the shopping mall." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/10651.

Wu, Wei-Kuang, and 吳偉光. "The Study of Trust Transfer in Shopping Mall." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15805068841383873518.

Chiang, Hao-Yuan, and 蔣昊遠. "Measuring Information Overload of the Shopping Mall Manager." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96419845959806324748.

Huang, Shih-Jung, and 黃世榮. "The Key To The Prevention And Settlement Of Legal Disputes Over The Contracts of The Shopping Mall – Shopping Mall Cases Study." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35237650804906507342.

Shih, Chung-Chen, and 施忠楨. "The design of Shopping Mall Functions from Shopping Orientations - An Empirical Study of Taichung." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/30979676782738179786.

Pu, David, and 卜訓模. "A Case Study on Web shop of Shopping Mall." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/97051596812844240443.

Lin, Chung-cheng, and 林重誠. "A Study of key Success Factors for Shopping Mall." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/vk323d.

Fang, Chun Yeh, and 方鈞業. "A Study on Fire Prevention Strategy of Shopping Mall." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59825834637266727914.

Silva, Filipe Lampreia Anes Estevens da. "Using augmented reality to enhance the shopping mall experience." Master's thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/17382.

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The Unique Burial of a Child of Early Scythian Time at the Cemetery of Saryg-Bulun (Tuva)

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Pages:  379-406

In 1988, the Tuvan Archaeological Expedition (led by M. E. Kilunovskaya and V. A. Semenov) discovered a unique burial of the early Iron Age at Saryg-Bulun in Central Tuva. There are two burial mounds of the Aldy-Bel culture dated by 7th century BC. Within the barrows, which adjoined one another, forming a figure-of-eight, there were discovered 7 burials, from which a representative collection of artifacts was recovered. Burial 5 was the most unique, it was found in a coffin made of a larch trunk, with a tightly closed lid. Due to the preservative properties of larch and lack of air access, the coffin contained a well-preserved mummy of a child with an accompanying set of grave goods. The interred individual retained the skin on his face and had a leather headdress painted with red pigment and a coat, sewn from jerboa fur. The coat was belted with a leather belt with bronze ornaments and buckles. Besides that, a leather quiver with arrows with the shafts decorated with painted ornaments, fully preserved battle pick and a bow were buried in the coffin. Unexpectedly, the full-genomic analysis, showed that the individual was female. This fact opens a new aspect in the study of the social history of the Scythian society and perhaps brings us back to the myth of the Amazons, discussed by Herodotus. Of course, this discovery is unique in its preservation for the Scythian culture of Tuva and requires careful study and conservation.

Keywords: Tuva, Early Iron Age, early Scythian period, Aldy-Bel culture, barrow, burial in the coffin, mummy, full genome sequencing, aDNA

Information about authors: Marina Kilunovskaya (Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation). Candidate of Historical Sciences. Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Dvortsovaya Emb., 18, Saint Petersburg, 191186, Russian Federation E-mail: [email protected] Vladimir Semenov (Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation). Candidate of Historical Sciences. Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Dvortsovaya Emb., 18, Saint Petersburg, 191186, Russian Federation E-mail: [email protected] Varvara Busova  (Moscow, Russian Federation).  (Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation). Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences.  Dvortsovaya Emb., 18, Saint Petersburg, 191186, Russian Federation E-mail:  [email protected] Kharis Mustafin  (Moscow, Russian Federation). Candidate of Technical Sciences. Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology.  Institutsky Lane, 9, Dolgoprudny, 141701, Moscow Oblast, Russian Federation E-mail:  [email protected] Irina Alborova  (Moscow, Russian Federation). Candidate of Biological Sciences. Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology.  Institutsky Lane, 9, Dolgoprudny, 141701, Moscow Oblast, Russian Federation E-mail:  [email protected] Alina Matzvai  (Moscow, Russian Federation). Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology.  Institutsky Lane, 9, Dolgoprudny, 141701, Moscow Oblast, Russian Federation E-mail:  [email protected]

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