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Yoga Studies

Interested in studying Yoga Beyond the Mat? 

The Graduate Theological Union in Berkeley offers fully accredited Certificate, Masters, and Doctoral programs that focus on the academic study of Yoga.

Students in the Yoga Studies concentration study Hindu and Jain yoga traditions with attention to research topics such as:

• Contemplative yoga
• Yoga of self-knowledge (jñāna)
• Yoga of devotional love (bhakti)
• Yoga Sūtras of Patañjali
• The Bhagavad Gītā

Other themes to be explored include:

• Immortality and Liberation
• Tantra Yoga
• Dharma and Yoga philosophy
• Nāda Yoga (the yoga of sound vibration and music)
• Yoga and the West
• Yoga, Health, and Healing

For more information about Yoga Studies,  complete an inquiry form  or contact the GTU Admissions Office at  admissions@gtu.edu  or 510-649-2460.

Applicants to the PhD program are expected to enter with some language skills and some academic background in yoga studies.  Applicants to the Certificate and MA Yoga Studies programs at the Graduate Theological Union are expected to have academic preparation in the humanities and some training in yoga specifically, but are not required to have extensive academic background in Hindu or Jain yoga traditions.  Prospective students are encouraged to contact the GTU Admissions department or the Center for Dharma Studies directly to discuss potential research topics and prior educational experience in order to determine a fit within the program.

About the Center for Dharma Studies

Core Doctoral Faculty

Rita D. Sherma

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PhD in Maharishi Vedic Science on-campus

Become an expert in consciousness.

• Explore the most profound principles of Maharishi Vedic Science
• Read the Vedic Literature for its sound value to develop higher consciousness
• Explore the fundamentals of scientific research and learn how to conduct your own
• Base your studies on scientific methodology
• Examine in depth Dr. Tony Nader’s discovery of Veda in human physiology

Explore the program

What is Maharishi Vedic Science

Maharishi Vedic Science is the study of the unbounded, infinite field of consciousness lying at the basis of phenomenal existence and located within everyone as their own innermost Self. During the doctoral program, students will explore this field of intelligence both experientially – through daily practice of the Transcendental Meditation ® technique and the TM-Sidhi ® program – and by intellectual inquiry in classroom studies of the most advanced, most profound topics of Maharishi Vedic Science.

Develop core research skills

Knowledge for global change

After the first year of class, you’ll specialize in one of five tracks:

• Reading Vedic Literature
• Application of Maharishi Vedic Science
• Modern Science and Vedic Science
• Higher States of Consciousness
• Exploration of the Principles of Maharishi Vedic Science in the Vedic Literature

Get started by contacting Jess

Contact Jess >

International applicants may connect with us through our international inquiry form .

Courses may include

• Core Curriculum

The core curriculum consists of 40 credits selected by the faculty from the following courses:

• Advanced Topics in Maharishi Vedic Science
• Special Topics: Critical Thinking
• Refining Your Writing Skills
• Special Topics: Bhagavad Gita
• Seminar on Philosophy of Science and Scientific Research on Maharishi’s Technologies of Consciousness
• Research Methods
• Readings in Vedic Literature
• Mastering Veda and Vedic Literature in the Human Physiology
• Maharishi’s Insight into the Veda and Vedic Literature
• Peace-Creating Professionals
• Preparation for the Qualifying Examination
• Candidate status

Upon successful completion of this core curriculum, students are advanced to candidate status and begin work in their dissertation proposal.

• Faculty Development Seminar
• Dissertation proposal
• Researcher status

Upon successful completion of these courses, which culminates with the defense of their written proposal, students advance to the PhD researcher status and then enroll in:

• Original Research and Dissertation Preparation

The PhD degree is awarded to a PhD researcher once the following steps have been completed:

• Presentation of the dissertation findings in a formal lecture with an open public forum for discussion
• Acceptance of dissertation by the Graduate School and the Library
• Certification by the graduate faculty of the student’s continuing exemplification of the highest standards of holistic development.

To graduate, students must also satisfy the general requirements for a PhD

Featured faculty

William Sands

Dr. Sands is Dean of the College of Maharishi Vedic Science and Professor of Maharishi Vedic Science. He earned an MA and PhD from Maharishi International University, an MSCI from Maharishi European Research University, and a BSBA from Georgetown University.

More about William Sands

• Maharishi Mahesh Yogi and His Gift to the World
• Maharishi’s Yoga, Vol. 1: The Royal Path to Enlightenment
• Maharishi’s Yoga, Vol. 2: Yoga and Vedānta
• Everything is Made of Vedic Sounds
• Realizing Brahman

He has also published a number of articles, including:

• Dharma in the Valmiki Ramayan in the Light of Maharishi Vedic Science
• State of Yoga versus path of Yoga in Maharishi Mahesh Yogi’s commentary on the Bhagavad-Gīt ā
• Maharishi’s Program of Reading the Vedic Literature: Unfolding the Total Potential of Natural Law
• Valmiki Ramayan: The Eternal Record of Perfection in Government

All Department Faculty

Entrance requirements

Students applying for the PhD in Maharishi Vedic Science must satisfy the following requirements:

• Hold an MA in Maharishi Vedic Science or an MA in Consciousness and Human Potential
• Practice the TM-Sidhi program, which accelerates the personal growth gained from the Transcendental Meditation technique
• Be able to smoothly read Sanskrit
• Complete a PhD application essay
• Interview with the MVS PhD faculty and consent of faculty

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In a chaotic world filled with constant noise and perpetual motion, there exists an oasis of tranquility — a timeless practice that has captivated hearts and minds for centuries. Welcome to the peaceful realm of Yoga, where the gentle art of breath, movement, and mindfulness weaves a tapestry of peace and self-discovery. From ancient sages seeking enlightenment to modern urban dwellers seeking solace, the allure of Yoga knows no bounds. In this article, we jump on a soul-stirring journey, exploring the role of a PhD in Yoga Studies, bridging the gap between science and spirituality.

Admission Open 2023

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To find other courses at Shoolini University Click Here. What is PhD in Yoga?

A PhD in Yoga is an advanced academic degree that focuses on the in-depth study and research of various aspects of Yoga, including its philosophy, history, practices, and their effects on individuals and society. During a PhD in Yoga, students engage in extensive research, critical analysis, and scholarly writing to contribute to the existing body of knowledge in the field. They may explore the origins and evolution of Yoga, the philosophical underpinnings of different yogic traditions, the therapeutic applications of Yoga, the physiological and psychological effects of Yogic practices, and the integration of Yoga with other disciplines like psychology, neuroscience, and medicine.

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Role of a phd in yoga studies.

A PhD in Yoga Studies is a research-based program that offers scholars better opportunities compared to those with a master’s or bachelor’s degree. Yoga is a growing field globally, but the number of people pursuing careers in Yoga is relatively low compared to other fields. Consequently, individuals interested in pursuing a PhD in Yoga face less competition. Therefore, they have higher chances of enrolling in such programs.

• Yoga has become an integral part of the fitness industry. The fitness establishments prioritize hiring individuals with doctorates in Yoga due to their extensive experience and expertise. Moreover, the pandemic further highlighted the significance of Yoga practices worldwide. As a result, there is an increasing the demand for Yoga instructors. Also, Online Yoga class providers specifically seek out PhD holders to meet international standards.
• In the current scenario, 5-star hotels, resorts, airports, and world-class gyms have incorporated Yoga practice and meditation centres. These establishments constantly search for highly skilled Yoga instructors, particularly those with PhDs, as they bring originality to their Yoga teachings due to their comprehensive understanding of the discipline.
• Central, State, and Private Universities, as well as Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) are actively establishing Yoga departments and recruiting PhDs in Yoga for faculty positions, including Teaching Associates, Assistant Professors, Associate Professors, and Professors, based on their expertise and experience. In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the appointment of PhD scholars as faculty in HEIs. Moreover, PhD scholars in Yoga also have the opportunity to work as faculty in overseas universities.
• Renowned universities in various countries are undertaking world-class projects, providing PhD Yoga fellows with opportunities to pursue postdoctoral positions. Due to the limited competition in the field, PhD Yoga fellows have higher chances of successfully enrolling in these projects on their first attempt.

Career Options after PhD in Yoga Studies

The field of Yoga is experiencing unprecedented growth, offering a multitude of employment opportunities for those with a PhD. Prominent organisations such as the Hyatt Hotel Group, ESIC General Hospital, IGNOU, Best Aromatics Limited, and Ayur Bethaniya Limited are consistently searching for qualified professionals.

The job prospects after completing a PhD in Yoga are diverse and varied. Some potential career paths include:

• Ayurvedic Doctor: With an in-depth understanding of Yoga’s therapeutic benefits, you can work as an Ayurvedic doctor. Thereby utilising traditional healing practices to promote holistic well-being.
• Yoga Instructor: As a certified Yoga instructor, you can guide individuals and groups in practising Yoga techniques, helping them improve their physical fitness, mental well-being, and overall health.
• Yoga Therapist: Specialising in Yoga therapy, you can provide personalised treatment plans to address specific physical or mental health conditions, promoting healing and rehabilitation through tailored Yoga practices.

Few More Options

• Research Officer: With a PhD in Yoga, you can contribute to advancing knowledge in the field by working as a research officer, conducting studies, and publishing research papers on the various aspects of Yoga.
• Clinical Psychologist: By combining your expertise in Yoga with psychological principles, you can work as a clinical psychologist, employing Yoga-based interventions to support individuals in managing stress, anxiety, and other mental health challenges.
• General Therapist: As a general therapist, you can integrate Yoga practices into your therapeutic approach, assisting individuals in achieving overall well-being by addressing physical, mental, and emotional aspects of their health.
• Yoga Trainer: You can become a sought-after Yoga trainer, offering specialised workshops, retreats, and one-on-one sessions to individuals seeking to deepen their Yoga practice or enhance their teaching skills.

The diverse career opportunities available to those with a PhD in Yoga reflect the growing recognition of its immense value in promoting physical and mental well-being. By pursuing this educational path, you position yourself at the forefront of a dynamic field. Thus, you are ready to contribute to the betterment of individuals and society.

Study PhD in Yoga Studies at Shoolini University

Shoolini University is the No.1 University in India for citations per paper according to QS World University Rankings 2023. Shoolini abides by the one-student-one-patent policy strictly. Therefore, pursuing your PhD at the university will be a great experience. Shoolini has the best faculty from Oxford, National Cancer Institute (USA), NIH (USA), IISc, IITs, and IIMs. Shoolini scholars get global exposure through international exchange opportunities with renowned universities across the world. Prominent among these are,

• University of Arkansas, USA
• Lanzhou University, China
• University of Naples, Italy
• Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
• Gachon University, South Korea

Shoolini offers the best PhD in Yoga. At Shoolini PhD in Yoga Studies is a 3-year research-oriented course designed for students fascinated with health and fitness. It explores the power of Yoga and how it can transform the present world. The curriculum focuses on three dimensions of Yoga — Mental, Physical and Spiritual. It educates students about Yogic therapy, Yogic training and innovative methods to heal diseases and problems of the human body.

To pursue PhD in Yoga Studies at Shoolini, students must have a four-year undergraduate degree or a Master’s degree in a relevant field with a minimum of 55% marks.

They should take Shoolini University’s multiple-choice entrance test (SU-SAT). Further, candidates undergo an evaluation of research aptitude through the submission of a concept note. There is a faculty interaction session as well.

Additionally, Shoolini aims at ‘Mission 130’, which means 100% placements to students. Out of these placements 30% are in the top companies. So, at Shoolini, your future will take flight towards success.

The convergence of science and spirituality is a fascinating and transformative field of exploration. And a PhD in Yoga Studies brings them together. As scientific inquiry deepens our understanding of the human mind, body, and consciousness. Therefore, it is crucial to recognize the wisdom and insights that ancient spiritual practices like Yoga offer. In conclusion, Shoolini University, located in the foothills of the Himalayas, is an excellent destination to start a rewarding journey in Yoga.

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Research in Yoga

Yoga and Psychology

Concentration.

Concentration Description

The Yoga and Psychology concentration is intended for master's and doctoral students in the Psychology Program who wish to have more expertise on the relationship between Yoga and Psychology in the context of their professional goals. The concentration emphasizes coursework aligned with professional practice in contexts such as yoga therapy, yoga teaching, psychotherapy practice, somatic education, and somatic research.

With the globalization of Yoga practice throughout the world, Yoga teacher training programs are far more accessible. More recently, the profession of Yoga Therapy has emerged, groundbreaking in successfully legitimizing Yoga as a methodology for working with physical illness and chronic health conditions.

Those who practice Yoga, whether longtime practitioners or those new to it, know of its powerful effects on the mind and well-being. Yoga’s earliest roots as spiritual teachings even prior to it becoming associated with physical “exercise” focused on ideas that could largely be viewed today as psychological in their examination of causes of human suffering and principles of well-being, and what it is that constitutes a meaningful life. As such, Yoga’s alignment with modern psychology is readily evident. Its place as an enhancing or even central methodology in psychotherapy represents an exciting development in the profession.

Practices, methods, ideas, and topics engaged within this concentration’s courses include historical foundations of the application of Yoga to psychology; yogic principles and practices in psychotherapeutic practice; issues related to spiritual practice and psychology; conducting qualitative research on Yoga and psychology; legal, ethical, and scope of practice issues entailed in yogic-centered psychotherapy; and the neuroscientific foundations of Yoga practice.

BABETTE ROTHSCHILD

Sample Courses

• Introduction to Yoga and Psychology
• Historical Foundations in the Use of Yoga for Psychological Healing
• Integrating Yogic Principles and Practices into Psychotherapy Treatment, I: General Applications
• Integrating Yogic Principles and Practices into Psychotherapy Treatment, II: Specific Applications
• Law and Ethics in the Practice of Yogic-Centered Psychotherapy
• Qualitative Research Applications for Yoga and Psychology
• Yoga-Centric Approaches to Trauma
• Yoga Practice and Models of Consciousness Development
• Yoga-Based Approaches to Addiction
• Developmental Pathways of Yoga and Psychotherapy
• Cultivating the Senses
• Movement Practices and Cognitive Development
• The Poetic Body

— Peter Levine

Academic Structure

Meridian’s academic structure gives students the flexibility to navigate the University’s curricular architecture in ways that match their passions, professional goals, and other life commitments.

The structure is designed to serve a diverse student body, who live around the globe, have varied cultural and clinical visions for their careers, and are at different stages in their professional journey.

Students enroll in a degree program, can elect a concentration, and register for one or multiple courses each quarter. In addition to core courses for the specific degree program and anchor courses that represent the Transformative Learning intent of Meridian’s curriculum, students select elective courses that align with their Meridian concentration, background, and career path.

Learning Formats

Meridian's graduate degree programs are offered in two formats, Hybrid and Online. Each quarter, students take one or multiple seven-week online courses. This schedule provides students with time between quarters to rest, engage, and prepare.

The University's multiple format options are designed to enable students to pursue their graduate education at a flexible pace, combining asynchronous coursework via the University's custom social learning platform, live course video calls with faculty, synchronous student community engagement, and optional onsite or online Transformative Learning Labs in-person.

Students can optionally select Transformative Learning Lab dates, locations, and formats based on their learning style, personal interests, and professional aspirations, if they choose to, based on availability of offerings.

Online Format

In Meridian's online learning format, students can complete 100% of their coursework degree requirements online, via Meridian’s unique online learning platform and faculty-led learning model. Meridian’s online format is designed to be highly engaging and deeply human . Students build connections with faculty and fellow graduate students while taking advantage of the flexibility built-in to the University’s online courses model.

Online Transformative Learning Labs are also optionally available (often multiple times a year), sometimes as a 3+ hour live class, and sometimes over multiple days.

Hybrid Format

Meridian’s hybrid learning format combines online courses with optional onsite Transformative Learning Labs which are one-week or less. By combining Meridian’s innovative online education methodologies with rich video calls and deep onsite connections, the hybrid format enables students to contribute locally and perceive globally.

When offered, Onsite Labs take place at Meridian’s San Francisco Bay Area Center and other University Centers, based on student interest and availability.

Introducing Unique Impact Scholarships

Available to Meridian University students worldwide, Meridian University's Impact Scholarships represent the University's commitment to supporting graduates to take transformative action in the fields of Business, Education, Leadership, and Psychology.

• The Meridian Social Entrepreneurship Scholarship
• The Meridian Developmental Coaching Scholarship
• The Meridian Collective Trauma Transformation Scholarship

Degrees Available

• MA in Psychology
• MA in Counseling Psychology
• PsyD in Clinical Psychology
• PhD in Psychology

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PhD Yoga: Course Details, Eligibility, Admission, Fees

PhD in Yoga is a three to a six-year full-time programme that deals with human health and Yogic studies via a rigorous academic conceptual framework and research-based instruction. This curriculum instructs students on the different facets and implications of yoga and yogic studies on the human body. The jobs after this course that are available to graduates are Yoga Therapist, General Therapist, Research Officer, Yoga Trainer, Yoga Instructor, Ayurvedic Doctor etc.

PhD Yoga Course Details

About phd yoga.

PhD Yoga course covers yoga philosophy, physiology, fundamental research statistics and methodology, basic psychological processes, human anatomy, scientific study of yoga and consciousness, and theoretical views on yoga for the treatment of seriously ill persons with physical and mental illnesses. The objective of the PhD programme is independent thought and assessment.

According to Wikipedia. “Yoga is a group of physical, mental, and spiritual practices or disciplines which originated in ancient India and aim to control (yoke) and still the mind, recognizing a detached witness-consciousness untouched by the mind (Chitta) and mundane suffering (Duḥkha).”

Table of Contents

• PhD Yoga Eligibility Criteria
• PhD Yoga Admission Process
• Who Should Do a PhD in Yoga?

Types of PhD Yoga

• Popular PhD Yoga Entrance Exams

Study PhD Yoga in India

• Top PhD Yoga Colleges

Study PhD Yoga Abroad

• PhD Yoga Fees Structure
• PhD Yoga Syllabus and Subjects

Why Choose PhD Yoga?

Phd yoga course comparison, preparation tips for phd yoga, salary of a phd yoga graduate.

• Career Options after PhD Yoga
• Skills to Excel

Eligibility Criteria for PhD Yoga

Before applying to the programme, students must learn the eligibility for PhD in Yoga as well as the course details. Students must have received a master's degree in any discipline from a recognised educational institution with a minimum of 55% overall marks to be eligible for the course. PhD in yoga eligibility has no age restrictions for pursuing a PhD in Yoga. SVYAS, UAPMT, AIPGET and other entrance examinations are among the options available to students.

How To Get Admission for PhD Yoga?

Individuals pursuing a PhD must follow the same application process regardless of their field of expertise. The admissions procedure for a PhD in Yoga is solely based on the candidate's ability to satisfy the required qualifications. Though each college's admissions process is unique, these are the steps you follow to get admitted.

How to Apply?

Entrance exams are required for a PhD Yoga admission. Applicants must complete an online application and provide all needed documentation. Depending on the candidates' choices, forms may be required to be completed online or offline by visiting the appropriate institution.

Selection Process

Students get admitted to institutions based on the results of their entrance exams. Students must ensure that their post-graduate grades are satisfactory, as they are a critical component of the selection process. Candidates are put on a merit list based on their entrance exam scores and post-graduate grades, and must then complete the remainder of the admissions process.

Who Should Pursue a PhD Yoga?

As Yoga is a three-dimensional discipline that encompasses a person's physical, mental, and spiritual well-being, students will be exposed to a variety of techniques and components. PhD Yoga duration is 3-6 years and it will help learners build strong motivational skills, as well as communication, interpersonal interaction, and speaking talents. This PhD in Yoga course would be perfect for applicants who are interested in fitness, lifestyle, health, Yoga, and workout.

When to do PhD Yoga?

Applicants for the PhD in Yoga should apply as soon as they have completed their post-graduate degree or have worked in the field of yoga and spirituality for at least 1-2 years.

PhD in Yoga applicants will get knowledge of the practice of Yoga as well as the application of ayurvedic medications to the human body with no adverse effects. The PhD in Yoga is offered in the following modes of education:

Full-Time PhD Yoga

Students must attend lectures, submit work, and take tests on campus for their full-time PhD Yoga programme, which can last up to 3 years depending on the university. Students in a full-time PhD Yoga programme will learn a lot more by interacting closely with their fellow students and superiors, which will help them develop their entire personalities in a calm and spiritual way.

Part-Time PhD Yoga

The PhD Yoga programme is a research-based doctoral programme with a hands-on approach that is regularly revised. Some Indian universities, such as IGNOU and Jiwaji University, offer part-time PhD programmes in Yoga that take 3 to 6 years, depending on the student's progress. This option is advantageous for students who are already employed in yoga institutes, who may have a demanding schedule, and who would like to complete this course concurrently.

Distance PhD Yoga

Several Indian universities offer PhD in Yoga distance learning programmes. The fundamental difference between a distance learning programme and a full-time programme is the length of the curriculum, which in the distance learning programme ranges from 3 to 6 years. A few open universities offer this programme in India. The students can apply for a PhD in Yoga from IGNOU which is one of the leading open universities in our country Several specialized degrees and certificates are offered through distance or online education outside of India.

Popular Entrance Exams for PhD Yoga

Candidates interested in pursuing a PhD in Yoga can apply to top schools and universities by taking national and state-level entrance exams. Admission will be given based on a candidate's merit list position, which will be determined by his or her entrance test and post-graduate grades. The following are some of the most frequent admission examinations that students might take:

A Quick Glance at the PhD Yoga Entrance Exams

A PhD in Yoga is one of the greatest courses to do if you want to be an expert in the domain of yoga. The most typical patterns for entrance exams are listed here.

• The test patterns include research aptitude, logical thinking, and computer ability.
• Exam duration is two to three hours depending on the type of entrance exam.
• The test is available in two modes: online and offline.
• Exam patterns vary depending on the institutions to which you apply.
• The majority of test questions follow the MCQ format.
• Negative marking for wrong answers.

India is home to some of the world's best PhD Yoga institutes. As India is considered the birthplace of yoga, aspirants have a wide range of alternatives when it comes to choosing the best PhD Yoga programme. The following are some of the top universities that offer a PhD in Yoga in India:

Top 10 PhD Yoga Colleges in India

Below is the list of the 10 best colleges for PhD Yoga in India:

Top PhD Yoga Colleges in New Delhi

Delhi is home to some of India's best PhD Yoga institutions. The best institutions for a PhD in Yoga in Delhi are given in the table below:

Top PhD Yoga Colleges in Pune

Pune is the educational capital of Maharashtra, home to some of the state's oldest PhD Yoga institutions. The top colleges for PhD in Yoga in Pune are listed in the table below:

Top PhD Yoga Colleges in Chennai

India's best PhD Yoga colleges are located in Chennai. The finest PhD Yoga institutes in Chennai are listed in the table below:

Top PhD Yoga Colleges in Bangalore

Bangalore is home to some of the best educational institutions in Karnataka that provide PhD Yoga programmes. The following is a list of the finest colleges for PhD in Yoga in Bangalore:

Top PhD Yoga Colleges in Kolkata

Some of the state's best PhD Yoga institutes are located in Kolkata. The finest PhD Yoga colleges in Kolkata are listed in the table below:

Top PhD Yoga Colleges in Hyderabad

Hyderabad is recognised throughout the country for its outstanding PhD Yoga programmes. The following is a list of the top PhD Yoga colleges in Hyderabad:

Top PhD Yoga Government Colleges

PhD Yoga programmes are available at a number of prominent government universities around the country that have produced some of the finest yoga graduates. A list of notable PhD Yoga government colleges in India is shown below:

Top PhD Yoga Private Colleges

In India, the number of renowned PhD Yoga private institutions is growing as people become more aware of this ancient Indian discipline that deserves to be recognised. The following is a list of the best private PhD Yoga institutions in India:

Students can study for a PhD in Yoga abroad if they have the necessary financial means and guidance. Outside of India, a PhD Yoga programme takes the same amount of time as one in India, ranging from 3-5 years depending on the curriculum, institution, and location. The following are some of the best PhD Yoga colleges in the world, along with their fees:

Top PhD Yoga Colleges Abroad

The table below contains the list of some of the best colleges abroad for PhD Yoga:

Top PhD Yoga Colleges in the USA

Some of the world's greatest institutions and schools offer PhD Yoga programmes in the United States. The following are the top colleges for a PhD in Yoga in the USA:

Top PhD Yoga Colleges in the UK

The United Kingdom's educational institutions date back centuries and have a long history of offering high-quality education. As a result, the United Kingdom is one of the best destinations in the world to pursue a PhD in Yoga. The following is a list of the best educational institutions for a PhD in Yoga in the UK:

Top PhD Yoga Colleges in Canada

As it provides students with world-class infrastructure, materials, innovation, and facilities, Canada is one of the most popular destinations in the world for PhD Yoga programmes. The following are some of the finest colleges for PhD in Yoga in Canada:

Top PhD Yoga Colleges in Australia

Due to its advantageous educational policies, Australia has become one of the most popular places for applicants seeking higher education. The following are the best universities in Australia for a PhD in Yoga:

Fee Structure for PhD Yoga

PhD in Yoga fees in India vary from INR 20,000 to 1.5 LPA at various institutes. A number of underlying factors impact the fee structure. PhD course expenses are determined by a college's facilities, institutional services supplied, teachers, placement possibilities, and other controlling factors. The following is the fee schedule for several PhD Yoga colleges:

Syllabus and Subjects for PhD Yoga

The most popular PhD Yoga course details are mentioned here. With a few minor modifications, most colleges across the nation follow the same core of the yoga and natural sciences course. The following are some of the subjects that students may choose to study:

• Human Anatomy
• Siddhar’s Psychology
• Home Remedies
• Microbiology
• Demonstration of Surya Namaskar
• Rule of Yoga in Health
• Psychological Functions of the Human Body

Read More: PhD Yoga Syllabus and Subjects

Before enrolling in the PhD Yoga programme, students should review the course information to verify that they understand the curriculum. Students frequently inquire, "What is a PhD Yoga?" and "Why a PhD Yoga?" We can break down the replies to these questions into smaller chunks to assist one grasp the course:

What is PhD Yoga All About?

The PhD Yoga program's main purpose is to provide the applicant with a full knowledge of advanced yoga and naturopathy ideas. The student will also learn a number of advanced methods and concepts from both a national and international viewpoint as part of this programme.

Students will be able to better handle clients/patients and issues in the diminishing arena of this old discipline after finishing this course, allowing them to take on more responsibility.

What Does a PhD Yoga Graduate Do?

Students can learn about yoga philosophy, physiology, fundamental research statistics and technique, basic psychological processes, human anatomy, scientific study of yoga and consciousness, and theoretical views of yoga within the course programme.

PhD in Yoga is the tangle that connects traditional Yoga approaches with a western approach to Yoga. With the knowledge gained through this course, the graduates would be able to erase and ease the stress, anxiety, physiological problems, etc. of the clients or followers that come to them for consultation.

One of the most common roles taken up by the graduates is a Yoga Instructor.

Yoga Instructor: Yoga Instructors teach patients the fundamentals and advanced stages of yoga, including proper stance, posture, and methods. They have a close relationship with the patients and are in charge of them. They offer varied Yogic guidance and keep track of the patient's progress. They are also taught a variety of breathing methods.

Reasons Why PhD Yoga Can Fetch You a Rewarding Career?

The PhD Yoga programme provides a stimulating and dynamic study environment. Because there is a dearth of graduates with experience in this sector, a PhD in Yoga is a rarely taken up degree due to the decreasing prominence of yoga. As a result, students who can use their knowledge and experience in this industry have a wide range of job opportunities.

Diversity in Job roles: Graduates of this programme have a wide range of work opportunities. Students can pursue a wide range of responsibilities in their jobs due to the huge number of specializations accessible to them, which enable them to become experts in their chosen subject.

Read More: PhD Yoga Jobs and Scope

PhD Yoga gives students in-depth information and insight into this unique topic, allowing them to build experience in it. The following is a comparison of PhD Yoga to other courses:

PhD Yoga vs PhD Naturopathy

The table below showcases the differences between PhD Yoga and PhD Naturopathy:

Students must be sufficiently equipped with all of the demands of the PhD Yoga course information before enrolling. They must make certain that they are well-versed in the course's major principles and subjects. As a result, students are better prepared to meet the rigours of the PhD programme. Some preparatory recommendations for a PhD in Yoga are listed below:

Make a Well-Balanced Timetable: Making and sticking to a self-made plan is essential since it gives the applicant a daily or weekly goal to strive towards.

The practice of key topics: Regular practice of all major topics aids students in gaining a firm understanding of all of the course's central themes.

Professional Advice: Maintain connection with the various professionals in the sector during the course. As practicals make up the majority of the yoga course, it's critical to have expert help on a regular basis if you want to make the most progress.

Yoga students can pursue a number of careers after graduation. With the fast spread of privatization, a rising number of private yoga institutes have entered the market, resulting in a greater need for Yoga graduates.

Graduates with a PhD in Yoga are regarded as expert yoga practitioners. On average, they earn between INR 2.5 and 6.5 LPA. (Source: Glassdoor)

Read More: PhD Yoga Salary

Career Options After PhD Yoga Course

Yoga graduates are few in number as compared to the need and opportunities in the sector. Thus, there are several career options available to the PhD Yoga graduates. Some of the job opportunities available to the graduates of this programme are:

• Ayurvedic Doctor
• Yoga Instructor
• Clinical Psychologist
• Yoga Therapist

Skills That Make You The Best PhD Yoga Graduate

PhD Yoga graduates must possess a diverse set of complex and soft skills in order to be successful in their careers. These abilities are not always possible to teach in the context of education. These are skills that can only be learned via practice. As a result, students should make every effort to extend their horizons and get as much experience as possible. The following are some of these abilities:

• Observation Skills
• Progress Monitoring
• Reasoning Skills
• Communication Skills
• Pressure Handling Skills

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Yogananda School of Spirituality and Happiness

Eligibility: Four year graduation degree by research or Master’s degree in related discipline with minimum 55% marks

• Duration: 3 years
• Admission Criteria: Shoolini University's multiple choice entrance test, and assessment of research aptitude through concept note & faculty interaction

Eligibility : Four year graduation degree by research or Master’s degree in related discipline with minimum 55% marks

• Duration : 3 years
• Admission Criteria : Shoolini University's multiple choice entrance test, and assessment of research aptitude through concept note & faculty interaction

PhD Yoga is a research-based course especially designed for students fascinated with Yoga, healthy lifestyle, and fitness. It explores the power of Yoga and how it can transform the present world. The curriculum focuses on three dimensions of Yoga — Mental, Physical and Spiritual. It educates students about Yogic therapy, Yogic training and the innovative methods to heal diseases and problems of the human body. 

Shoolini University's distinguished faculty, with research and industry experience, guide doctoral students to produce high-impact thesis and patents, building their credentials and launching careers. The international reputation of the faculty, talented student community, and excellent technical staff create an environment of global excellence, nurturing creativity and innovation.

Shoolini scholars get global exposure through exchange opportunities with renowned universities worldwide. Prominent among these are the University of Arkansas, USA; Lanzhou University, China; University of Naples, Italy; Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; Gachon University, South Korea; South Dakota Mines University, USA.

Shoolini University is UGC Approved and NAAC Accredited.

Shoolini has dedicated Centres of Excellence for Yoga:

• Rekhi Centre of Excellence for the Science of Happiness
• Research Centre in Yoga

PhD Yoga Career Opportunities

• Yoga Therapist
• General Therapist
• Research Officer
• Yoga Trainer
• Yoga Instructor

Program Details

Top faculty.

Mala Tripathi

NET, PhD (Yogic Science), Served at the Central Government Health Scheme (CGHS),

Anupama Chandel

Recipient ‘Bharat Yog Award’, Active Member, National Yoga Sports Federation (NYSF)

Apar Kaushik

MA Yoga, NET, PhD (Pursuing in Yogic Sciences)

Saamdu Chetri

Ex (Swiss Agency for Development Cooperation and Helvetas, Bhutan), Joint Secretary (PM Office, Bhutan)

Subodh Saurabh Singh

Led orientation programs (Indian Cultural Yoga Teachers at the Indian Council for Cultural Relation (ICCR), Ministry of External Affairs, Govt of India), Yoga training for the AYUSH medicine training system (delegates from South Korea, China, Africa, Vietnam and Japan)

Student Voices

Khushabu Gulia (PhD)

Nidhi Negi (PhD)

Chandresh Kumari (PhD)

Sana Altabba (PhD)

Kamna Sharma (PhD)

Sunil Kumar (PhD)

Cathreen (BSc Yoga)

Deepti Channa

Parul Jasrotia

Indu Negi (PhD)

RaviKant Thakur,Phd

Nitika Thakur (PhD)

Top campus recruiters.

Some of the major companies that visit our campus and hire our graduates are:

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is phd study important.

Enrolling in a PhD program helps you begin or continue research in the field you're passionate about. You can delve deeper, make new discoveries, improve conceptual tactics and apply those concepts through the research conducted. You can decide what to work on, how to work, and chart your journey with support and guidance from a supervisory team.

Why should I pursue a PhD from Shoolini University?

Shoolini University is India’s No.1 Research University (QS World University Rankings, Asia-2023) with 150+ programs and top placements & internships in India. Over the past decade, Shoolini has built a worldwide network of partner universities to foster exchange opportunities, collaborative academic programs, faculty engagement and research, and other activities. Shoolini offers study abroad opportunities with scholarships to top universities in the USA, Australia, UK, South Korea, Taiwan, Japan, and Italy, among others. Shoolini has filed 1200+ patents; its h-index is >100 with Field Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) of 2.22. It has 104+ state-of-the-art laboratories, 9 Centres of Excellence, and 2 Shoolini Researchers are among the Top 1% Scientists of the world.

Can I do a PhD without a Master's degree?

Students with a minimum CGPA score of 7.5/10 in the four-year-undergraduate program (FYUP) will now be eligible for PhD admissions, without having to complete a master’s program, according to the new regulations on the award of PhD degree finalised by the University Grants Commission (UGC).

Do rankings matter for a PhD?

The institution's accreditation by appropriate agencies means the program meets high standards of academic excellence. However, other factors, such as the field of research, number of publications, collaborations, etc., are also considered.

Will a PhD enhance my career prospects?

Doctoral programs require intensive training in research methods. This includes interviews, surveys, questionnaires, clinical trials, and laboratory experiments. These skills are put into practice when the candidate conducts fieldwork for the dissertation. Skills gained in qualitative and quantitative research methodology and statistical analysis are transferable to non-academic research environments, particularly for industrial research. In addition, employers outside of academia seek individuals with sound research skills to carry out projects at think tanks and research institutes in both the private and government sectors.

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102 Yoga Topics to Write about

🏆 best yoga project ideas and examples, 📌 most interesting yoga topics for presentation, 👍 good yoga research topics, ❓ yoga research paper topics.

• Yoga for Stress Management For instance, Karma yoga, which is one of Yoga types, aids in controlling stress through the development of appropriate attitudes in relation to work environment coupled with enhancing the ability to respond positively to professional […]
• The Art of Yoga and Meditation Breathing, i.e, circulation of air through the body, and consequently circulation of inadequate blood measure through different parts of the body, happens to be the mainstay of the healing process of Yoga.
• Benefits and Drawbacks of Yoga and Meditation in Schools Educators and mental health professionals contributed considerably to the development of a wide range of programs aimed at improving the overall well-being of students in all areas of their life.
• Yoga Center’s Extended Service Marketing Mix From the case study, the yoga center faces fluctuation in demand across the seasons, and in the day, it lacks customer retention capacity, problems in booking programs, and, finally, the yoga faces challenges of training […]
• Yoga Practice and Its Benefits Long before I joined yoga, I used to think “going to the yoga mat” referred to going to the hall in which yoga was practiced.
• Yogic Meditation Practice in Personal Experience I was looking forward to the third session of meditation as it had to be a relaxation after the difficult day.
• School-Based Yoga Program for Adolescents’ Mental Health The central aim of the research was to find the effectiveness of the therapeutic intervention. The central focus of the research was to validate the effectiveness of a yoga-based program.
• Health Benefits of Yoga and Pilates In this state, it is capable of regulating the body’s processes, can conceive of the events that are occurring around it and yet remain unaffected and unconcerned with these issues as it works to heal […]
• Yoga Philosophy in Bhagavad Gītā Epic It is in the form of a dialogue. Arjuna is the prince of Pandava.
• Prenatal Yoga for Women Health Sleeping abdominal stretch pose, and flapping fish pose are effective in preventing constipation during pregnancy while half butterfly pose is helpful in alleviating edema in during pregnancy.
• Yoga Classes at Torrens University If not enough students pay attention to the initiative, a more effective and targeted marketing campaign in social media can be conducted, involving additional motivation.
• Stress Management Techniques for Students: Yoga Yoga’s most major benefits are its capacity to relieve stress and exhaustion, to stimulate and revive, and to be used for anti-aging and calming treatment.
• Zaccari et al. (2020). “Yoga for Veterans With PTSD”: Content, Strength, and Weaknesses This discussion reviews the strengths and weaknesses of the method, sampling, and validity of Zaccari et al.research. The assertions reported in the article are supported by cited and referenced scientific studies, which enhances the validity […]
• Analysis of Yoga’s Effect on Health Yoga is a concept that signifies a set of spiritual, mental, and physical practices aimed at managing the cognitive and physiological functions of the body.
• Catholic-Hindu Dialogue: Yoga and Lent Jesus welcomes us to slacken our hold on the common concerns and to arrange ourselves to what in particular is generally fundamental: to cherish each other, to focus on the entirety of creation, and to […]
• The Case of Body-Positive Yoga The described problems seem to be the basis of why body shaming has such a negative impact today. Body positivity is the only way to face the body-shaming challenge today.
• Workplace Yoga Reducing Stress in Employees Since the key idea of a project is to sell the yoga and meditation practice program to the other departments of a firm, it is important to understand the expected benefits.
• The Different Disciplines of Yoga Additionally, it gives the general characteristics of people who practice yoga as well as their view on the importance of the practice to their health.
• Prenatal Yoga: Description, Aspects, and Benefits Practicing yoga leads to the overall conditioning of the mind and body of the yoga student. In addition to this, the classes present a good opportunity for connections to be made as to the various […]
• Unique Characteristics of Hinduism and Its Methods: Jnana Yoga, Bhakti Yoga, Karma Yoga, and Raja Yoga It is a part of Vedanta tradition, which is a school of Hindu philosophy. That is why there is a platform with sacred religious books, such as The Texts of Taoism and The Bible.
• Yoga and Stress Reduction The aim of practicing yoga is to “unite” one’s body, mind and spirit. Raja yoga is yoga of the mind.
• Benefits of Yoga Analysis The aim of Yoga is to unite the body, mind and the spirit. The mind and the body are one and if taken to the right environment and given the right tools, it can find […]
• Preventing the Injuries of Athletes: Yoga and Soft Exercises The injuries sustained by athletes can pose a serious threat to the career of these people. This paper will focus on the use of yoga and soft exercises as the techniques that can be useful […]
• Hinduism in the West and Transformation of Yoga The religious encounter issue examined in this case study is appropriation and transition of the Hindu religious and cultural practice of yoga for mass adoption in the West.
• The Documentary “Origins of Yoga: Quest for the Spiritual” In the film, it is noted that people who decided to devote their lives to the practice of yoga would leave their homes, “abandon the conventional life” and the “householder stage” to “wander around in […]
• Current Evidence of the Clinical Effects of Yoga Studies were done to study the effects of yoga on the fitness levels of the elderly. Therefore, it is difficult to determine the effect of yoga outside of controlled studies.
• Yoga for Depression and Anxiety A simple definition of yoga will lead people to generalize it as a system of exercise and a kind of mindset that would result in the union of mind and body.
• Sri Aurobindo: integral yoga These varieties of philosophies and religions all have a clue of the truth in them, or an aspect of the truth. This transformation from a human soul to a divine soul is what Sri said […]
• The disconnect between tradition and contemporary practice in yoga Traditional yoga is the epitome of spirituality for it seeks to cease the agitation of the consciousness. The spirituality of yoga is concerned with the human condition and how to manage the flaws of humanity.
• Yoga and its separation from tradition The disconnection between traditional practices and outcomes is evident, in that disbelief and inability to concentrate and practice overtake the benefits and positives of yoga.
• Yoga Relaxation Exercises To begin with, guided relaxation is one of the best relaxations that involve relaxing all the body muscles in a comfortable position as one imagines a smile. This exercise is referred to as eyes on […]
• The Meditation and the Yoga as the Spiritual Performance
• Should Yoga be Made a Part of Physical Education in Public Schools
• An Analysis of the Age-Old Set of Exercise Known in the West as Yoga
• Evaluating the Addition of Hatha yoga in Cardiac Rehabilitation
• The Science Of Yoga And How Does It Affect Human Beings
• The Benefits of Yoga to High School Students
• How Can Yoga Help You With Loosing Your Weight
• Yoga and Music Therapy as Effective Methods of Stress Management
• Effect Of Yoga Nidra On Blood Pressure
• How Yoga Affects The Mind And Academics
• An Analysis of the Methods of Yoga in the Meditation
• Yoga: Yoga and Breathing Techniques
• Yoga and Mental Health – the Benefits of Yoga on Stress and Anxiety in Adults
• The Benefits of Yoga and Mindfulness on Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
• An Analysis of Yoga’s Paths to Enlightenment in Hinduism
• Examining the Impacts of Regular Bikram Yoga Practice on Health, Stress and Anxiety
• The Effects Of Yoga On The Human Body
• The Psychological Benefits Of Yoga And Meditation
• Healing the Body and Mind with Yoga
• The Treatment Of Trauma And How Yoga May Be An Integral
• Distinction Between Chinese Yoga And Japanese Yoga
• The Important Role Of Yoga In Digestive System
• The Yoga Sutras, The Science Of The Mind, Body And Spirit
• The Principles, Benefits, and Modern Day Practices of Yoga
• Yoga For Modern City Life Yoga Helps Ease Modern Stress
• The Attitude Of Modern People To Yoga
• Yoga For Beginners How To Take Those First Steps Into Yoga
• Yoga and its Positive Effects on the Mind and Body
• Yoga in Buddhism and Hinduism
• The Beneficial Impact of Spiritual Cleansing and Meditative Yoga Exercise on an Individual’s Physical and Mental Health
• The Practice of Yoga and Its Positive Effects on the Body and Soul
• Harvard’s Jack Welch Award and Yoga Master Bikram Choudhury
• How To Find Centers For Top Luxury Yoga Retreats
• How to Relieve Stress and Anxiety Through Yoga
• Analysis of the Market Offer for Women’s Yoga Clothing of Lululemon
• The Use Of Yoga And Standard Physical Therapy
• The Effect Of Yoga On Young Adolescents
• How Yoga Can Help Relieve The Stress That College Students
• How Yoga Can Be Used to Improve the Health of AIDS Patients
• Use Of Yoga In An Urban School For Children With Emotional Behavioral Disorders
• What Is the Importance of Yoga in Our Daily Life?
• What Is the Best Yoga for Beginners?
• What Is the Latest Trends in Yoga?
• What Yoga Postures Help With Back Pain?
• What Is Dark Yoga?
• What Are the Basic Steps to Do Yoga for a Beginner?
• What Are the Health Benefits of Yoga?
• When Is the Best Time of Day to Practice Yoga?
• What Should Everyone Know About Yoga?
• What’s the Difference Between Meditation and Yoga?
• Which Yoga Reduce the Stomach Fat?
• Which Is Better, Yoga or a Morning Walk?
• What Are the Negative Effects of Yoga?
• What Are the Disadvantages of Yoga?
• Can Yoga Help in Reducing Hair Fall?
• Is Yoga a Sin in Christianity?
• How Is Yoga a Stress Remover?
• What Is an Alternative to Yoga?
• How Much Time Does It Take To Lose Weight Doing Yoga?
• What Is the Best Type of Yoga for Fitness?
• Why Don’t People in India Use Yoga Specific Wears While Performing Yoga?
• How Does One Learn Yoga by Oneself?
• What Does Catholic Church Say About Yoga?
• Does Super Brain Yoga Really Work?
• How Can Yoga Affect Your Mental Health?
• Does Yoga Promote Muscle Growth?
• Are There Any Yoga Asanas to Increase Height?
• Is It Better to Do Naked Yoga or Clothed Yoga?
• Which Is the Best Yoga for Diabetes?
• What Are the Advantages of Yoga and Medititation?
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PhD in Yoga

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Ph.D. (Yoga) Courses, Eligibility, Admissions, Syllabus, Career Options, Frequently asked Questions.

Overview and about the course:.

The PhD Yoga bundle integrates yoga reasoning, physiology, essential exploration insights and procedure, fundamental mental processes, human life systems, logical investigation of yoga and awareness, and hypothetical thoughts on yoga for the treatment of basically individuals with physical and mental issues. Autonomous assessment and believed are the objectives of the PhD program.

An expert post-graduate program that looks at a few features of yoga practice is the Ph.D. in Yoga program. The course additionally sees yoga’s impact and importance in contemporary culture. It centers around yoga’s three features and what it means for human health. Through the act of yoga, the Profound Aspect intends to develop internal serenity. This successfully settle mental issues. Then again, the different yoga strategies are canvassed in the Actual Aspect.

An educational program for the Ph.D. in Yoga is separated into areas that address different aspects of yogic examination and wellbeing. It offers classes on the physical and mental benefits of rehearsing yoga. The course likewise covers an assortment of yoga-related strategies and how they might be utilized to treat sicknesses. Students benefit from this since it provides them with a superior consciousness of their body and improves their overall prosperity. Albeit not every person can get this level of cutting edge preparing, it can make you a superior specialist.

• PhD in Yoga is an examination instructive program for advanced education that is explicitly made for candidates who have a certified interest in yoga, a functioning eating regimen, wellness.

• Students have the chance to find out about the meaning of yoga for humankind, especially in the advanced world, through this scholastic program. The three parts of yoga, including its psychological, physical, and otherworldly angles, are depicted in PhD in Yoga. Profound Aspect talks about utilizing yoga to make inward harmony and dispense with all strain, tension, and other mental issues.

• Students who sign up for this course will concentrate on various yogic methodologies, procedures, and strategies to assist patients with a scope of issues, including mental and actual ones.

• It runs over the numerous yoga-related procedures for the treatment of basically sick patients with physical and mental illnesses.

• The string that attaches the eastern and western ways to deal with yoga together is known as a PhD in yoga.

• Students can find out about different points inside the course educational program, like yoga reasoning, physiology, crucial exploration measurements and system, major mental processes, human life structures, logical examination on yoga and cognizance, and hypothetical viewpoints on yoga.

During its three years of full-time study, the PhD in Yoga program centers around human wellbeing and yogic examinations utilizing a careful scholastic calculated structure and exploration based guidance. The students in this scholarly program find out about the various uses of yoga and yogic examinations to the human body.

The PhD in Yoga teaches students on an assortment of yoga-related capacities, like restorative yoga, yogic preparation, and most excitingly the various ways to deal with treating various sicknesses and substantial issues.

A PhD in yoga centers around an individual’s entire health, including both physical and profound prosperity.

Course Highlight of the course, Ph.D. in Yoga:

Why to do ph.d. in yoga.

On the planet and culture of today, a PhD in yoga is a profoundly critical subject. The students in this course learn more than just the scholarly side of yoga; they likewise get information on a great many extracurricular abilities, strategies, and mastery. The following are a few key motivations behind why a student ought to choose a specific course.

• It will successfully help them in finding out about the disciplines that are associated with and connected with yoga.

• This PhD in Yoga course will be ideal for candidates who have an interest in wellbeing, wellness, yoga, and exercise.

• Yoga is a three-layered discipline that spotlights on an individual’s physical, mental, and otherworldly prosperity, consequently students will concentrate on a great many related subjects and practices.

• The students in this course will gain proficiency with various medicines for individuals with physical and mental issues.

• Candidates for a PhD in yoga will acquire information on the act of yoga and the protected utilization of Ayurveda prescriptions to the human body.

• Students who are chasing after a PhD in yoga will profit from worked on talking, correspondence, relational relations, and solid abilities to propel.

Eligibility Criteria for the course, Ph.D. in Yoga:

The following focuses give an outline of the capabilities expected to apply for a PhD in yoga:

• To apply for the course, people probably procured essentially a 55% grade point normal at the post-graduate level from a licensed institution or college.

• The candidates should have effectively finished their postgraduate examinations at a certify institution or university.

• Candidates probably finished a postgraduate certification in yoga or have breezed through a suitable assessment, like the MBBS.

Skills for the course, Ph.D. in Yoga:

Alumni of PhD programs in yoga need various modern and delicate abilities to prevail in their business. In the system of schooling, showing these skills is unimaginable 100% of the time. Just through training can one foster these gifts. Students ought to hence bend over backward to expand their viewpoints and gain as much experience as possible. A portion of these aptitudes incorporate the following:

• Perception Methods

• Progress Following

• Thinking Methods

• Abilities in Correspondence

• Abilities for Managing Tension

• Teaching Yoga

• Guide Astutely

Admission Process for the course, Ph.D. in Yoga:

• The enlistment for the seminar on the college or university’s site is the first and most significant stage for a candidate in the admissions process. Test enlistment structures are made accessible well ahead of the beginning of the course, giving people a lot of opportunity to finish them up.

• It’s significant to give exact data while selecting, like your name, instructive foundation, home, and so on. The candidate should pay the application cost subsequent to finishing the structure.

• The candidate ought to download the concede card and keep it secure till the admissions methodology is finished subsequent to giving the necessary data and following through on the cost.

• Regarded institutions and colleges require an admission test. For better arrangement, it’s basic to follow the educational plan and read the inquiry banks from the earlier year.

• Candidates that meet the necessities happen with their admissions technique when the outcomes are declared. A cut-off list for admissions in light of legitimacy may likewise be disclosed by some. For this, post-graduation grades are considered.

Admission Based on Entrance Exam for Ph.D. in Yoga:

• The enrollment for the seminar on the college or university’s site is the first and most significant stage for a candidate in the admissions process. Test enlistment structures are made accessible well ahead of the beginning of the course, giving people a lot of opportunity to finish them up.

• It’s pivotal to give exact data while enlisting, like your name, instructive foundation, home, and so on. The candidate should pay the application cost in the wake of finishing the structure.

• The candidate ought to download the concede card and keep it secure till the admissions system is finished in the wake of giving the necessary data and addressing the cost.

• Regarded institutions and colleges require an admission test. For better planning, it’s basic to follow the educational program and read the inquiry banks from the earlier year.

• Candidates that meet the prerequisites happen with their admissions method when the outcomes are reported. A cut-off list for admissions in view of legitimacy may likewise be disclosed by some. For this, post-graduation grades are considered.

Tips to get Admission in the college for the course, Ph.D. in Yoga:

Getting entrance to a trustworthy college is urgent for an advanced education research program like a PhD in yoga. The following are a couple of key plans to recall when you look for admission to a legitimate university.

• In the event that you are intensely keen on applying for a PhD in yoga, you should accomplish a decent grade in your Post Graduate degree of review.

• Assuming that you are preparing to take an entrance test, you should likewise get a high CGPA on that test to be owned up to a respectable PhD in Yoga College.

• If it’s not too much trouble, investigate the forthcoming college prior to making any arrangements to go to any college or institution.

• Guarantee that university offers the best educational plan and satisfactory offices to prepare you to master a PhD in yoga.

Entrance tests for the course, Ph.D. in Yoga:

You can take an entrance test to be owned up to the PhD program in yoga. The titles of the most notable admission tests for PhD programs in yoga are recorded beneath.

The Uttarakhand Ayurved University is the association behind this numerous decision question test.

The All India Institute of Ayurveda manages this test (AIIA). There are an hour and a half distributed for this test, which is MCQ-based.

Tips to plan for the entrance test for the course, Ph.D. in Yoga:

The following data can help candidates in preparing for the entrance test.

• As a matter of some importance, Make a timetable for your review time. You will actually want to focus regarding each matter and give every theme equivalent time.

• Go through the test’s prospectus exhaustively. Rather than concentrating on a totally irrelevant subject, it will help you in zeroing in on key topics.

• Inspect the inquiry papers from the earlier year to have a superior handle of the admission tests. There are a few books for NET that incorporate earlier year’s test questions and the arrangements.

• It’s vital to understand the essentials of the subjects instead of remembering the answers. You might utilize it to assist you with answering testing inquiries.

• Each admission test comprises of MCQs with a solitary right reaction. Furthermore, there is a weak grade.

• There is a particular piece for insightful abilities, fitness capacities, showing abilities, intelligent reasoning, correspondence, individuals and climate, listening skill, and so on despite the fact that admission tests emphasise mass correspondence and reporting.

• It’s vital to just answer questions you are sure of. Taking into account that there is a negative checking, theory is to be kept away from.

Top 10 Colleges for the course, Ph.D. in Yoga:

Check out the list of top 10 colleges with their location for the course Ph.D. in Yoga.

Top Government Colleges for the course, Ph.D. in Yoga:

Check out the list of top government colleges with their location for the course Ph.D. in Yoga.

Top Private Colleges for the course, Ph.D. in Yoga:

Check out the list of top private colleges with their location for the course Ph.D. in Yoga.

Syllabus to study for the course, Ph.D. in Yoga:

The following table lists the whole 3 to 5 years full-time PhD in yoga course. The subjects are assigned on an annual basis.

In First Year:

In Second Year:

In third year:, job prospects and career after doing the course, ph.d. in yoga:.

The best vocation potential open doors for a PhD in yoga are both in India and abroad. It is one of the important courses that Indian students decide to swear off to zero in solely on the discipline of yoga.

Top managers for graduates with a PhD in yoga incorporate Hyatt Lodgings Enterprise, ESIC General Emergency clinic, IGNOU, Best Aromatics Restricted, National Wellbeing Mission, and Ayur Bethaniya Restricted, among others.

Job Profiles after the course, Ph.D. in Yoga:

The best vocation open doors for a PhD in yoga are both in India and abroad. It is one of the significant courses that Indian students decide to renounce to zero in solely on the discipline of yoga.

Top bosses for graduates with a PhD in yoga incorporate Hyatt Lodgings Organization, ESIC General Emergency clinic, IGNOU, Best Aromatics Restricted, National Wellbeing Mission, and Ayur Bethaniya Restricted, among others.

Work Profiles after the course, Ph.D. in Yoga:

Yoga teacher:

Yoga specialists are responsible for treating patients utilizing yoga’s remedial techniques. They deal with states of being like diabetes, joint inflammation, asthma, back agony, and pulse. They additionally address issues with physical and emotional wellness, like pressure, uneasiness, and despondency, among others. They do the whole method north of a few meetings.

Research Partner:

Examination experts are entrusted with doing wide research, considering both subjective and quantitative components that will support the formation of a convincing report. They should make a point by point plan for a review and make sense of their discoveries. To accumulate information essential for making and creating reports, research officials go to different meetings and enlightening gatherings.

Ayurveda Doctor:

The consideration of patients utilizing Ayurveda medication is the obligation of Ayurveda doctors. It is a zero-secondary effect therapy for different diseases that incorporates a few processes, like patient perception, investigation, and clinical history. They should treat the patients utilizing different Ayurveda strategies and medications.

Clinician in brain science:

Clinicians and specialists are responsible for distinguishing the various mental issues that patients are encountering and making endeavors to address them utilizing different clinical strategies and treatments. Close to home, social, and dysfunctional behaviors are among the mental issues. Patients are given a careful assessment, and treatment plans are made in light of the outcomes.

Frequently asked Questions:

Question . What are the prerequisites to read up for a PhD in yoga abroad? Answer . For admission to any institution abroad, you should have effectively completed your bachelor’s and master’s certifications in yoga.

Question . Is a PhD in yoga expected to educate yoga? Answer . No, you should get a postgraduate certification in yoga or a yoga recognition in the event that you wish to fill in as a standard yoga educator. Be that as it may, to additional your skill in this discipline, you ought to seek after a PhD in yoga.

Question . Could somebody with a science at any point foundation look for a PhD in yoga? Answer . Indeed, you are able to apply for a PhD in yoga in the event that you have procured your MBBS degree.

Question . Which countries are the most reasonable for seeking after a PhD in yoga abroad? Answer . The America, France, and Geneva are many times viewed as the best nations for yoga PhD programs.

Question . Is a Master’s certification a prerequisite to be equipped for a PhD in yoga? Answer . Indeed, a master’s certification should be procured prior to applying for a PhD in yoga. The insignificant and required qualification is as expressed previously.

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PhD Admission Notification 2023 ( Details )

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• To bring about all-round personality development of yoga teachers with holistic vision of yoga and spiritual lore
• To train yoga teachers to introduce yoga in schools & colleges, universities, research organisations
• To introduce the yoga research dimensions and make them conduct internal & external research
• The program shall be normally for a minimum period of three academic years and maximum period of six academic years for full time duration only
• The calendar of events in respect of the program shall be fixed by the University from time to time
• The examination for the subjects shall be conducted at the end of each semester except when there are no candidates taking examination for any subjects
• Time table for PhD 1st semister | ( Details )
• Time table for PhD 2nd semister (Waiver) | ( Details )
• Time table for PhD 2nd semister (Non waiver) | ( Details )

Admission and Eligibility Prerequisites

The eligibility requirement for candidates to get admitted to the Ph.D. Programme shall include the following:

• Master degree in the field of Yoga from a recognized University with 55% aggregate marks.
• Post Graduation in any Professional program with 55% aggregate marks and
• Yoga Instructor’s Course (YIC) from S-VYASA (Deemed to be University) either through regular or distance or online mode.
• NET/JRF is preferred for all the divisions.

Relaxation of Marks for special categories  : A relaxation of 5% of marks, from 55% to 50%, or an equivalent relaxation of grade, may be allowed for those belonging to SC/ST/OBC (non-creamy layer)/Differently-Abled in the aggregate marks of the qualifying examination.

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Batch limit, certificate.

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Master of Science in Yoga

MS (Yoga) is a four-semester, 30 credit program providing a unique well-rounded wholistic Yoga degree that balances theory/philosophy from Patanjali Yoga Sutras, Upanishads, Bhagavad Gita to modern day yoga practices using a scientific and evidence-based approach, while training students in ‘Yoga as Therapy’ as practiced in the West. Students specialize in Philosophy, Yoga Therapy, and/or Research in their 4th semester. Prior certifications in Yoga Training is transferrable.

Prerequisites : 4-Year degree, or, a 3-year degree with 3 years of work experience.

Duration : 21 months.

PhD in Yoga

For serious students interested in exploring Yoga Science, Philosophy or Therapy, this doctoral program has three components: preparatory coursework, qualifier for advancement to candidacy, and submission of an original dissertation under the direction of a VaYU Research Faculty.

Prerequisites : MS (Yoga) or equivalent.

Duration : 3-5 years

(Offered from Fall 2022)

Online Program Format

In an online format, faculty are in charge of academic engagement through video lectures, interactive tutorials and managing discussion boards for individual and collective interaction with the students.

Student time is spent on online faculty tutorials at their own time, online chats, faculty moderated group discussions, online faculty office hours (optionally offered by faculty), online study or group projects, online assignments and peer interactions.

Detailed syllabus, weekly topics, assignments (homework, quizzes, tests, final exams, and class participation such as discussion boards, etc.) are provided by each Course Instructor and will be available to registered students. Some Instructors may provide course notes and prescribe textbooks (student purchases this) and references (usually found in VaYU Online Library). No internship or externship is required.

Personal Contact Program (PCP)

Courses in the odd semesters that the student will be enrolled in will have a Personal Contact Program (PCP). This is indicated by the odd semester courses that end with a "P." PCP is mandatory, and is offered at our main campus in Norwalk (near Los Angeles) and will be conducted in the 15th Week of the semester.

PCP is a week-long personal contact program to train students in Asanas (poses), Kriyas (purification practices), Mudras (hand gestures), Bandhas (locks), Pranayama (controlled breathing) and Dhyana (meditation). PCP will be offered at our main campus in Norwalk (near Los Angeles) in all required semesters. PCP would also be offered in many VaYU satellite campuses in North America and some cities in Asia such as our sister campus in Bengaluru, India or Singapore depending on student interest and faculty availability. PCP class hours may range from 28-40 hours.

Credit Hour Definition

For VAYU courses in an online lecture format, “ 1 credit hour ” represents the subject content that can be delivered in one academic hour of contact time each week for the full duration of one academic semester, which is typically sixteen weeks (fourteen weeks along with a week for two midterms combined, and, a final examination week).

For graduate courses, 3-4 hours of outside work is expected for each academic hour of contact time. For courses taught in other than lecture format such as Personal Contact Program (PCP) or research project, one credit-hour represents an amount of content and/or student effort that in aggregate is no less than that described before – typically 28 hours per semester or 2 hours/week/credit.

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The Psychology and Philosophy of Yoga

An introduction to the yoga sutra of patanjali..

Updated May 11, 2024 | Reviewed by Ray Parker

• Yoga is one of the six orthodox schools of Indian philosophy.
• Yoga borrows the metaphysics of one of the other schools, Samkhya.
• However, whereas Samkhya emphasizes knowledge as the path to liberation, Yoga emphasizes discipline.

A darshana is an outlook, a philosophy , literally, a “vision.” The term darshana is especially associated with the six orthodox schools of Indian philosophy, the so-called shaddarshana , or “six visions.” What makes them orthodox, and therefore Hindu, is that they accept the authority of the Vedas. With good reason, the shaddarshana are often presented in pairs: Samkhya-Yoga, Nyaya-Vaisheshika, and Mimamsa-Vedanta. In this post, I shall, of course, be focussing on Samkhya-Yoga.

The Samkhya School

The founder of the Samkhya school is held to be Kapila, who lived, perhaps, in the sixth century BCE. Little is known about him. He is sometimes described as an avatar of Vishnu or the grandson of Brahma. He is mentioned by Krishna in the Bhagavad Gita as the greatest of sages: “Amongst the gandharvas I am Chitrath, and among the siddhas, I am sage Kapila.” According to Puranic lore, his meditation produced such intense inner heat that, when they disturbed him, he incinerated the Sagarputras , the 60,001 sons of King Sagara, simply by opening his eyes.

In the Buddhist tradition, the students of Kapila built the Shakya capital of Kapilavastu. The Buddha, who was raised in Kapilavastu, was therefore steeped in Samkhya philosophy, explaining the affinities between Samkhya and Buddhism.

Kapila is held to have authored the Samkhya Sutra , although the extant text appears to be medieval in origin. Instead, the school’s primary text is the Samkhyakarika by Ishvarakrishna, who lived in the third or fourth century CE.

In the first verse, Ishvarakrishna states the aim of Samkhya: to eliminate the three forms of dukkha (suffering): internal, from physical and mental disease; external, from outside threats, especially other people; and divine, that is, from natural disasters.

Samkhya is a radical dualism that holds that the universe is made up of two independent, infinite, and eternal realities: Purusha (souls) and Prakriti (matter or nature). The Purushas are conscious but have no attributes. They are pure ‘witness consciousness.’ Prakriti is composed of the three gunas (qualities or tendencies of matter), sattva (preservation, harmony), rajas (creation, passion), and tamas (destruction, apathy).

Initially, the gunas are in equilibrium. But at its approach, Purusha disturbs this equilibrium in favour of rajas , and this imbalance sets off material creation.

Comparisons With Western Dualism

Unlike Western dualism, which is between mind and matter, Samkhyan dualism is between self and matter—with “matter” encompassing most of what Westerners would consider “mind” (intellect, ego, emotions, etc.)—everything, in fact, except witness consciousness, of which mind is the instrument.

Also, unlike Western dualism, Samkhyan dualism is atheistic or agnostic. Although an orthodox school, Samkhya is remarkably silent about God and the Vedas.

The Samkhyan Account of Creation

At the approach of Purusha, undifferentiated Prakriti evolves 23 tattvas (elements, aspects), first buddhi ( intelligence ), and from buddhi ahamkara (ego or self-consciousness).

Under the influence of sattva guna , ahamkara yields the five organs of sense (eyes, ears, nose, skin, tongue), the five organs of action (arms, legs, speech, organs of elimination, organs of creation), and manas (mind).

Then, under the influence of tamas guna , ahamkara yields the five subtle elements (sight, hearing, smell, touch, taste), from which the five material elements (earth, air, water, fire, ether) emerge.

Notice that the material world is last in the order of creation. Its evolution from the five senses suggests that the world is an illusion, although this is never explicitly stated.

Manas has a special role in mediating between the ten organs, the five senses, and the world without. Being of Prakriti , buddhi , ahamkara , and manas are not conscious. However, they appear to be conscious and are set into motion by proximity with Purusha —functioning, as it were, by reflected consciousness.

The Samkhyan Account of Liberation

Adding Purusha and Prakriti to the 23 tattvas makes a total of 25 tattvas —of which 24 are of Prakriti . Nonetheless, it is for the sake of Purusha that the differentiation occurs, to provide it with experience and, in time, with liberation ( moksha ). By reflecting the consciousness of Purusha , Prakriti is showing Purusha to itself.

Purusha and Prakriti are like a lame man and a blind man, lost in the wilderness. The blind man carries the lame man, who guides his steps. Both are looking for their way home, to moksha , when they will part ways. But having never traveled, the lame man is avid of experience and so enthralled by his adventure that he forgets about his destination.

To be consistent with the universal law of karma, Samkhya assumes that a Purusha that is bonded to Prakriti (that is , a jiva ), has two bodies: a gross, mortal body, and a subtle body made up of the higher functions which transmigrates according to past merit. The continuity of the subtle body enables the Purusha to keep on learning through numerous incarnations.

Final liberation consists in the realization of the separateness of Purusha and Prakriti . This involves a process of involution, or “going back to the womb”—that is, reversing, through intellect and understanding, the process of evolution from the material elements back to undifferentiated Prakriti and beyond.

In short, salvation consists in counting backwards.

The Yoga School

Samkhya exerted such a profound influence on Yoga that the two schools are sometimes merged as Samkhya-Yoga. But whereas Samkhya emphasizes knowledge and discrimination as the path to liberation, Yoga rather emphasizes discipline.

Although Yoga essentially borrows the metaphysics of Samkhya, it introduces a twenty-sixth tattva , namely, Ishvara, or “the Lord”—for which reason it has been called “Theistic Samkhya.” The nature of “Ishvara” is open to interpretation, but it may be regarded as a special Purusha that is unentangled and, therefore, inactive.

The Yoga Sutra of Patanjali

In the second century BCE, or perhaps the fifth century CE, Patanjali collected the ideas around yoga in the Yoga Sutra . These 196 verses became the foundational text of Yoga, which, towards the end of the first millennium, began to be mentioned as a separate school.

Patanjali’s synthesis influenced all other schools of Hindu philosophy, which regard it as authoritative. It is sometimes referred to as Raja Yoga (Royal Yoga) or Ashtanga Yoga (Eight-Limbed Yoga) to distinguish it from the many other forms of yoga, such as Jnana, Karma, Bhakti, Mantra, and Tantra—which are, of course, more complementary than mutually exclusive.

The Yoga Sutra has four sections: Samahdi ( Concentration ), Sadhana (Practice), Vibhuti (Yogic or Magical Powers), and Kaivalya (Isolation or Liberation). In the first section, Patanjali defines yoga as “the cessation of mental fluctuations” ( chitta vritti nirodha )—with chitta (mind) assimilated in the Samkhyan system to buddhi , ahamkara , and manas . In the third section, he warns against practicing yoga for the perverted purpose of acquiring yogic powers—suggesting that this sort of thing may have been common.

Ashtanga or Eight-Limbed Yoga

The eight stages of Patanjali’s Yoga are:

• Yama (abstinence or restraint)
• Niyama (discipline or observances)
• Asana (‘seat’, posture)
• Pranayama (breath control)
• Pratyahara (withdrawal of the senses)
• Dharana (concentration of the mind on some object)
• Dhyana (steady meditation on that object) and
• Samadhi (absorption, ecstatic union with the ultimate).

The first two stages are ethical preparations. Yama involves abstinence from injury, falsehood, stealing, lust, and avarice. Niyama involves purity or cleanliness, contentment, austerity, study, and devotion to God.

The next two stages are physical preparations, each involving a series of exercises to remove physical or bodily distractions.

The fifth stage involves taking control of the mind by emptying it of impressions.

The remaining three stages, which may take several lifetimes to perfect, aim at increasingly heightened states of awareness and return.

According to Patanjali, the five kleshas (poisons, obstacles to Yoga and liberation) are ignorance, ego, attachment or desire, aversion to unpleasant things or truths, and fear of death and desire to live.

Final Remarks

The aim of yoga, and ascetic practice in general, is essentially to react against ordinary human habits, which entangle us, or our Purusha , with Prakriti , to the extent that Purusha identifies with Prakriti and more particularly with the restless chitta and its manifold modifications.

This is a far cry from the yoga practised in the West as a form of physical culture, with postures borrowed from Hatha Yoga and optional spiritual sprinkling for stress relief. Even Hatha Yoga is about a lot more than that.

Read more in Indian Mythology and Philosophy .

Bhagavad Gita 10.26.

Neel Burton, M.D. , is a psychiatrist, philosopher, and writer who lives and teaches in Oxford, England.

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Admission to PhD in Yoga

Admission to phd in yoga for academic year 2024-25.

Applications are invited for admission to the Ph.D. in Yoga (full-time regular program) for the academic session 2024-25 from candidates meeting the minimum eligibility criteria.

• Admission notice updated on 12 March 2024.
• Applications are continuously accepted. They will be reviewed within a couple of weeks subject to the convenience of the faculty-members.

Eligibility criteria

Candidates must have passed Masters Degree (full time, regular mode) in either of the following subjects from recognized University/Institute in India or abroad with at least 55% marks (50% for SC/ST) or equivalent grade.

• M.Sc.Yoga/Yogic Science, M.A Yoga, M.Sc Yoga Therapy with UGC-NET qualification
• M.Sc. in Science disciplines which are related to various aspects of Yoga (e.g, Physiology, Physics, Psychology, Biophysics, Nutrition, Biochemistry etc.) with NET qualification in relevant major.

Note: Candidates clearing UGC NET are eligible, candidates with JRF award are preferred.

• 30 years (at the start of the programme, for General category). Age relaxation for reserved categories as per UGC rules.

How to Apply

• Online Admission Portal : https://isr.rkmvu.ac.in/admission
• New applicants have to first register on the Online Admission Portal, then login and fill up the online application form.
• After successfully submitting the application form, pay the application fee (INR 500.00) online from the same Portal. Link can be found under ‘Options’ next to the program name on the Dashboard.
• While filling up the online application-form attach the scanned copies of your passport size photo, mark-sheets and other applicable certificates/documents.

Documents need to be attached while filling up the online application form

• Scanned copies of your passport size photo
• Certificate and mark sheets of M.A/M.Sc. degree. Students awaiting final semester marksheet of Masters degree can apply with marksheet of first, second and third semesters
• Certificate & all marks sheets of Bachelors degree
• UGC-NET/JRF certificate is not mandatory. If candidates have qualified, they may provide it.
• One page research proposal stating the field of interest (preferably in tune with the current research activities of the Department, which can be found in https://sy.rkmvu.ac.in/faculty/ )
• Other applicable certificates/documents

Important Dates

• Applications are continuously accepted. They will be reviewed as per the convenience of the faculties.

Selection Procedure

• Shortlisted candidates who have cleared UGC NET / NET-JRF will be called for an interview (no written admission test for such candidates)
• Shortlisted candidates without UGC NET score will have to appear for admission test / entrance test in regular/offline mode. The format of entrance test examination will be 50% of research methodology, and 50% shall be subject specific, as per University Grants Commission Minimum Standards and Procedures for Award of PhD Degree Regulations, 2022. Candidates who will secure at least 50% marks in the entrance test are eligible to be called for the interview. Final selection will be based on performance in the admission test and interview.

Hostel Facility

Hostel facility is available for a limited number of students who are serious and willing to abide by the hostel discipline. Students have to apply separately for hostel facility during admission (Hostel Application form can be obtained from Admission office). The students selected for the hostel will be informed separately.

Hostel fee structure: RKMVERI Belur Campus Hostel Fees

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ASGCT 2024: David Liu Touts Rapid Evolution of Gene-Sized Programmable Editing Technologies

By Kevin Davies, PhD

Credit: Kevin Davies, PhD

BALTIMORE— Having delivered a plenary lecture during last year’s American Society of Gene and Cell Therapy (ASGCT) conference, David Liu, PhD, probably felt obliged to present some new stories after he received the society’s 2024 Outstanding Achievement Award last week. Thankfully, that isn’t a problem in the rapidly moving genome editing space, and certainly not for a group as productive as Liu’s lab at the Broad Institute.  

It is not that base and prime editing—groundbreaking technologies developed in the Liu lab from 2016–19—are old news. Liu did devote a few slides to summarizing the clinical progress of both platforms in diseases as wide ranging as spinal muscular atrophy, sickle cell disease, and progeria. There are at least nine base editing clinical trials underway, with three having reported initial findings. 

Pride of place goes to Alyssa Tapley, the British teenager who received a CAR-T therapy from Waseem Qasim, MD, and colleagues in London two years ago to treat her advanced T-cell leukemia. In remission, “Alyssa has returned to school and hopes to pursue a career in biomedicine,” Liu told the ASGCT delegates. And the U.S. Food and Drug Administration recently cleared Prime Medicine’s first gene editing therapy for chronic granulomatous disease, less than five years after Andrew Anzalone, MD, PhD, and colleagues unveiled the technology. 

But Liu devoted most of his 2024 lecture—“Continuous evolution of genome editing systems for targeted gene-sized DNA integration in mammalian cells”—to describing a pair of independent methods designed to realize another goal of the genome editing field: editing gene-sized DNA fragments measured in kilobases (kb) in human cells without necessitating double-strand DNA breaks. 

This approach would be ideal in principle for treating genetic diseases caused by large numbers of different mutations in the same gene. The classic example of this is cystic fibrosis, for which more than 400 discrete mutations have been catalogued in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) gene. And Stargardt disease, an inherited form of vision loss, can result from one of more than 500 mutations in the ABCA4 gene. 

“Until a major regulatory streamlining occurs, it’s hard to imagine creating hundreds of different reagents needed to treat certain diseases,” Liu said. The goal would be “to integrate an entire healthy gene or exon into the pathogenic site or a safe harbor locus, without incurring double-strand breaks.” 

Two is better than one  

The first example builds on the prime editing platform and is based on a method published in 2022 called PASSIGE (prime assisted site-specific integrase gene editing). This enables the integration of large, potentially gene-sized cargos into newly installed landing sites using an integrase enzyme called Bxb1, albeit with modest efficiencies. 

As Liu’s lab showed in the early development of base editing, there are ways to overcome limited enzyme efficiencies using a technique developed by Liu, Kevin Esvelt, PhD, and colleagues 13 years ago called PACE (phage-assisted continuous evolution). Liu’s group evolved Bxb1 through hundreds of generations (as will be described in an upcoming paper in Nature Biomedical Engineering ), with the most active variants supporting higher levels of gene integration—up to 35%—while still delivering sizeable cargos of up to 10 kb. 

Liu also presented some comparative data with a similar method dubbed PASTE , developed two years ago by Omar Abudayyeh, PhD, and Jonathan Gootenberg, PhD, the co-founders of Tome Biosciences. The newly evolved PASSIGE platform (eePASSIGE) performed better than PASTE. (Liu argued that this is a consequence of the fusion of Bxb1 to the prime editor in the PASTE platform.) PASSIGE has been used to engineer integration of half-a-dozen therapeutic genes in various cell lines, including blood clotting factor IX, with a 32% average integration frequency.  

A strong CAST  

The second approach is the result of a fruitful three-year collaboration with Samuel Sternberg, PhD, at Columbia University, in which PACE once again has had a starring role. Over the past five years, the Sternberg lab has played a leading part in characterizing CRISPR-associated transposases (CASTs). These complexes facilitate integration of large DNA fragments without introducing double-strand DNA breaks in bacteria. But in mammalian cells, wild-type CASTs frustratingly show minimal integrase activity.  A drug called ClpX improves efficiency to a degree but has proved to be cytotoxic.  

Making the reasonable assumption that transposase catalysis might be the major bottleneck, Liu’s team turned once more to PACE to evolve CASTs in the lab, a process that stretched over thousands of generations. The resulting CASTs yielded integration rates about 200-fold greater than wild-type, resulting in integration efficiencies of 10-20 percent. Moreover, the last set of variants helpfully removed the dependence on ClipX. The optimally evolved CAST (so far) exhibits an integration frequency of up to 30%. 

Not surprisingly, several other groups—academic and commercial—are eagerly exploring techniques for gene editing of large inserts. Rahul Kakkar, MD, CEO of Tome Biosciences, gave one of several presentations from the company on preclinical progress in non-human primates targeting the gene corresponding to the one mutated in patients with phenylketonuria. “It is tailor made for our technology,” Kakkar told Brad Loncar of Biotech TV .  

Another company making strides in gene-sized programmable editing, or gene writing as it calls it, is Tessera Therapeutics. The company presented several talks last week demonstrating progress in mouse models for sickle cell disease (SCD) and alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. The in vivo SCD delivery program shows promise in enabling “true correction to wild type without complex stem cell mobilization and ex vivo cell processing or toxic chemotherapy conditioning,” commented CEO Michael Severino, MD. 

Tessera’s chief science officer, Michael Holmes, PhD, a gene editing veteran formerly with Sangamo, said: “We have demonstrated what we believe are industry leading correction levels and the highest fidelity we are aware of across each of our liver rewriting programs,” including phenylketonuria and Wilson’s disease. Holmes called it a testament to “the power and capabilities of our Gene Writing and delivery platforms.”  

Doubtless this will be a major theme when ASGCT takes the conference to New Orleans in May 2025.

Successful Step Made toward Synthetic Genomes

Oxford biomedica to obtain $250k to support gene therapy for stargardt....

RIT graduate pursues Ph.D. across time zones

Nastaran Nagshineh, center, defended her Ph.D. thesis at RIT in April. Faculty from RIT’s Rochester and Dubai campuses served on her thesis committee and include, from left to right, Kathleen Lamkin-Kennard, Steven Weinstein, Nathaniel Barlow, and David Kofke (a professor at the University at Buffalo). Mohamed Samaha participated remotely and appears on the video screen behind the group and alongside Nagshineh’s picture.

Nastaran Nagshineh is one of the first Ph.D. candidates to bridge RIT’s Rochester and Dubai campuses. Her accomplishment creates a path for future students at the university’s international campuses.

Nagshineh completed her Ph.D. in mathematical modeling while working full time as a mathematics lecturer at RIT Dubai in the United Arab Emirates, teaching as many as five classes a semester. She described her Ph.D. journey as “an exercise in perseverance” due to competing demands and long days. Rochester is eight hours behind Dubai, and the time difference meant many late-night classes and meetings.

“I saw this collaboration as an opportunity, rather than as a challenge, because my primary adviser, Dr. Steven Weinstein (RIT professor of chemical engineering), and my co-adviser, Dr. Mohamed Samaha (RIT Dubai associate professor of mechanical engineering), both have the same area of research interest,” she said. “They both worked toward my success.”

Nagshineh is one of 67 RIT Ph.D. students who defended their thesis this academic year and who will earn their doctorate. RIT awarded 63 Ph.D. degrees in 2023.

In 2020-2021, RIT’s Graduate School met and surpassed the university’s goal of conferring 50 Ph.D. degrees during an academic year. That number will continue to grow as students cycle through the seven new Ph.D. programs that RIT has added since 2017, said Diane Slusarski , dean of RIT’s Graduate School.

Meeting these goals puts RIT on a path toward achieving an “R1,” or research-intensive designation, from the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Learning. RIT is currently ranked as an R2 institution . Many factors go into changing a university’s status, including research investment and maintaining a three-year average of 70 Ph.D. degrees awarded per year, according to Slusarski.

“We have met the goals of the strategic plan, and now we look forward to contributing to the research innovation in the future,” Slusarski said. “We want to help the new programs thrive and win national research awards.”

RIT’s emphasis on high-level research is seen in Nagshineh’s Ph.D. work. She applies mathematical modeling to the field of fluid dynamics. Her research has been published in top-tier journals and has gained notice, said Weinstein, her thesis adviser.

Weinstein describes Nagshineh’s accomplishments as “a testament to a fantastic work ethic and commitment” and is inspirational to younger students at Rochester and Dubai.

“The collaboration between RIT Dubai/Rochester has continued,” he said. “Another paper was submitted a few weeks ago with Mohamed Samaha and Nate Barlow (RIT associate professor in the School of Mathematics and Statistics) as co-authors, as well as Cade Reinberger, a younger Ph.D. student in my research group.”

Mathematical modeling is one of RIT’s newer Ph.D. degree programs, and Nagshineh is among its earliest graduates. The program has doubled in size since it began accepting students in 2017, Slusarski said. This past fall, the mathematical modeling program had 35 students, with two graduating this year.

Altogether, RIT has 13 Ph.D. degree programs currently enrolling 438 students, with computing and information sciences accounting for the largest with 117 students. RIT’s other Ph.D. programs include astrophysical sciences and technology , biomedical and chemical engineering , business administration , color science , electrical and computer engineering, imaging science , mechanical and industrial engineering , microsystems engineering , and sustainability .

New programs in cognitive science and physics will launch in the fall.

The growth in RIT graduate education—with more than 3,000 master’s and doctoral students—reflects a demographic change in the student population, Slusarski said. “We have a higher percentage of women in the graduate programs than we have for RIT undergraduate programs.”

RIT’s graduate programs enroll 42 percent women, according to Christie Leone , assistant dean for the Graduate School.

Nagshineh, who also holds an MS in electrical engineering from RIT Dubai, welcomes her role as a mentor to other women students on both campuses.

“As a young woman in an Arabic country, the power of women is often underestimated and undervalued, and I hope to serve as a role model to female students, especially those that question their path,” Nagshineh said.

She plans to continue in her career as a professor and a researcher. “I would like to pursue a research program where I can advise my own students and teach them more deeply.”

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