process diagram writing task 1

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IELTS Writing task 1: describing a diagram

In this lesson you will learn how to describe a diagram in IELTS Writing task 1 .

We will deal with a process diagram . Although diagrams are not very common in IELTS, they do appear in Writing and are very different from other types of graphs you can get. So it's a good idea to learn how to structure your answer when describing a diagram.

• See IELTS Writing digram question
• Learn how to write a band 9 answer
• Learn useful vocabulary
• See video tutorial

As an example, let's take a look at the following question card:

The diagram illustrates how steel rods are manufactured in the furniture industry.

Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.

You can watch a video tutorial on how to describe diagrams in IELTS Academic Writing task 1:

• Introduction
• General overview
• Specific features

Now we'll take a look at each part of the answer.

1. Introduction

The first paragraph of your answer should be an introduction. For the introduction, you need to paraphrase the topic in your own words. It shouldn't be longer that 2 sentences.

And this is a possible way to write your introduction:

You could also write the introduction in another way:

In fact, there are plenty of ways to write your introduction. Just keep in mind that you should use synonyms and paraphrase the topic from your question card.

2. Overview

• how the process begins and ends
• the number of stages

If the diagram has loops or repeating stages, or your process is cyclic - write that in your overview too!

Here is a good way to write a general overview:

Overall, the process consists of eleven stages, beginning with the raw material and ending up with the product’s inspection.

Always use word overall to start your overview. This way you will indicate the examiner that you’re describing general trends.

3. Specific features

After you've given the overview, you should write about specific details of your diagram. To do that, you need to describe each stage of your process in detail . Don't forget that you should provide information in a logical way!

This is a possible way of describing the specific features of our diagram:

First of all, iron ore, yellow ore and carbon are collected to serve as a raw material for steel rods manufacturing. After that, the raw material is melted in a melting slit, where it is heated to a temperature in range of 1300-1500 °C. The melted mass is then transferred to a smelting cabin to undergo refinement. Next, the candescent metal is put in a pouring machine and poured into ingots.

In the next stage, the ingots are connected to a cooling reservoir, where the temperature falls to 60-100 °C. Metal goes through special nozzles and cools down, forming strands. Following this, the metal strands proceed to rollers that change their shape. Next, the products are put into a heating machine, where they undergo heat treatment. Subsequently, a measuring automaton completes a surface check of the products.

After that, the metal rods are sized by special cutters and get ID stamping. Finally, the products undergo inspection and are ready for use.

Using connectors

• first of all
• in the next stage
• following this
• subsequently

Using additional information

Your diagram will often provide you some additional information and hints for most stages of the process. Make sure that you use all that information while describing specific features of your diagram!

However, sometimes you may see that some stage lacks information for description . For example, we only know that the third stage of our process is called refinement and it happens in a smelting cabin . But we don't know what exactly happens during this stage.

In this case, you can use a verb to undergo . To undergo = to experience. For example, you can write: " the material undergoes refinement in a smelting cabin ".

And don't forget that you should NOT write a conclusion in Writing task 1 as you're not giving your opinion, you're describing the data.

Practice. Choose the correct options:

• The table shows the amount of students who study abroad in 2001 and 2011. The table shows the number of students who study abroad in 2001 and 2011.

Amount or number? Note that students are countable.

• The graph illustrate China's annual growth rate of exports of goods. The graph illustrates China's annual growth rate of exports of goods.

Look at the verb that follows the word graph . Hmm, the graph should be singular, so illustrates is the correct option.

• The line graph shows how many Finnish people went to the cinema between June and October 2014. The line graph shows how much Finnish people went to the cinema between June and October 2014.

You can say how much water or how much effort (these nouns are uncountable). But people are countable, so you should use how many in this case.

• The pie charts compare the world population of 1900 with 2000 . The pie charts compare the world population in 1900 and 2000 .

You should use phrase in + year , not of + year or at + year . Moreover, it seems like you compare population with year in the first sentence.

• The bar chart gives information about average household expenditure in Japan. The bar chart shows information about average household expenditure in Japan.

You can use either gives information about or shows , but not both at the same time.

How to describe a process diagram

Process diagrams are usually a student's least favorite IELTS task 1 rubrics. Personally, I think they are much easier than some of the other tasks out there.

The first thing that we must remember is you need an overview.

The best kind of overview is to state the number of steps in the process, also include both the first and final steps. For example:

The diagram shows the production of milk, with x number of steps starting with cows grazing and ending with bottled milk delivery. 

You can also mention what the result of this production is, tea? concrete? What do we have when the process is complete?

If there are a few different processes then compare them in your overview, and mention the number of stages. For example:

The process diagrams illustrate the production of five different teas, from harvest to packaging. There is also a diagram showing a similar six step process for coffee beans. 

Here is a possible introduction for a hydroelectric process:

Power begins with the sun heating up the sea water and the process ends with hydroelectric power being pumped into hospitals and schools and factories for consumption.

You are allowed to use all the words that you see in the task, however, avoid using the language word for word that you had in the prompt.

So, in the actual test question itself, you don't want to copy pieces of that language, but you are most certainly allowed to use the words that appear here in the actual diagram.

Grammatical range and accuracy

Passive / active voice

Process diagrams test your ability to know when to use the passive and when to use the active voice.

Some verbs can't be used in the passive, to determine which voice to use, ask yourself, who is doing this action?

Do we know who is doing the action?

It can be a machine, a worker, nature or something else.

Relative clause

after which - can refer to the whole of the (action of the) preceding clause or sentence.

The milk is then filtered, after which it is sent to be bottled and packed. 

Verbs for describing a process diagram

Depending on the particular diagram, there are a lot of different verbs you could use and they are much simpler than you imagine.

Below is a list of useful verbs with their prepositions, some are in the passive and others in the active.

I think learning them with their prepositions is tremendously more effective than learning them as single words.

Processed by - The tea leaves are processed by a mixing machine.

Added to - The mixture is added to the raw product… 

Passed onto - After drying, the tea leaves are passed onto the next stage.

Passes through - The clay passes through the pipe, to later form bricks. 

Goes into - The water then goes into the main collection bowl… 

Flows out of - The liquid flows out of the first container and into the bowl...

Placed into - After the first step, the tea leaves are placed under the dryer. 

Enters a / the- The mixture enters a final stage before reaching the furnace. 

Formed - The bricks are formed by molding machines. 

Sent to / for - The final product is sent to the finishing stage 

Enters - At this step the product enters the penultimate step before delivery. 

Distribute - The product can now be distributed via the firm's logistics department. 

Stored in the - After finishing, the bricks are stored in a dry chamber. 

Transfer - The product is transferred to the nearest bakery. 

Begins with - This process begins with the raw materials arriving at the loading bay. 

For some processes, you could say that it is placed, which is passive voice or you could say it enters which is active voice. Both are grammatically correct.

It depends on the graphic you have to describe.

Cohesion and coherence 

Object pronouns are especially helpful because they allow you to avoid repetition.

Following this...

... following this step,

followed by

first, second, and finally

after this step is completed...

Lexical resource

All the phrases below are suitable to use in a process diagram description, but please remember to adapt them to your specific rubric.

A multi step process ...

The process starts with … and ends at ....

We have a six step process, whereby water undergoes a purification process.

... which causes it to ...

The final product is sent to the finish stage ...

It consists of … steps starting with … and ending with / at.

It consists of seven steps, starting with cows grazing in the field and ending with milk products being stored in supermarkets and shop shelves. 

For more help with your IELTS Academic Task 1, take a look at more of our resources:

• How to use percentages in academic task 1
• How to get band 9 for IELTS academic task 1
• Marking criteria for task 1 writing task
• Describing a line graph
• Academic task 1 sample essays

Audio tutorial

You can download or listen to the audio version here:

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You can also watch the full tutorial here:

Take a look at our sample academic task 1 essays here .

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How to Write A Task 1 Process Diagram Band 9 Report

Process diagrams are common questions in IELTS Writing Task 1. They show a picture or drawing of how a final product is made or a machine works. Many students find this question intimidating, not because it's difficult, but because they're not sure how to approach it. But don't worry, we'll show you how to answer this question with confidence, step by step.

Instead of discussing the whole picture, focus on the big picture and identify the major stages. This will help you to avoid confusion and stay on track.

On this page, we'll guide you through the 7 major steps for answering the IELTS Task 1 Process Diagram question:

Analyse the question

Identify the major features

Remember the 4-paragraph structure

Paraphrase the question sentence

Write an Overview paragraph

Write Body paragraph 1

Write Body paragraph 2

For all questions in the IELTS Academic Writing Task 1, using the 7-step strategy can give you an advantage in writing.

However, if you want to ensure you get the band score you need, consider using our  Writing Feedback Service . A former IELTS examiner will provide you with detailed feedback and step-by-step guidance towards achieving your target band score.

In addition, we offer high-band guaranteed  eBooks   filled with top-quality content written by a team of former IELTS examiners. These  eBooks  provide powerful tips and strategies to help you achieve a high band score by revealing band 9 secrets. Our team of examiners has conducted extensive research to provide in-depth discussions in the  eBooks  covering all aspects of every possible IELTS essay type.

Source: Cambridge English IELTS Past Papers

1. How to Analyse A Process Diagram Question

We need to find three major areas in the question sentence: 

Topic Words / Keywords (General area of the question topic)

Micro Keywords (It helps us prepare a specific answer, rather than being general)

Action Words ( The words that tell you what you need to do )

Topic Words:  u niversity enrolment  procedure

Micro Keywords:  high school graduates

Action Words:  Write a report to a lecturer  describing the information

After completing the question analysis part, we need to find the major features in the diagrams.

2. How to Identify the Key Features in A Task 1 Process Diagram

Finding the major features in an IELTS task 1 process diagram question is crucial to understanding the overall process and writing an effective response. Here are some steps to guide you:

Start Broad: Initially, take a step back and observe the diagram as a whole to get a clear idea of the process. Identify what it's about, the beginning and end points, and the overall purpose or output.

Identify the Main Stages: Next, look for the main stages of the process. These are significant points that divide the process into key sections or phases. You can often identify these stages by changes in the process direction, the involvement of different elements, or the initiation of new actions.

Spot Significant Steps: Within these main stages, note the individual steps that are essential for moving from one stage to the next. Key actions, transformations, or interactions between elements usually mark these steps.

Look for Sequences or Patterns: If there are repeating steps or patterns in the process, make a note of these, as they're important features. They can also help simplify the process when you describe it in your report.

Spot the Actors: Identify the main 'actors' or elements involved in the process. These might be people, machines, natural elements, or even intangible factors like time or temperature.

Consider Quantities and Proportions: If the diagram provides data in terms of quantities, percentages, or proportions, these figures can represent major features and should be included in your report.

Remember, the goal is not to describe every minor detail but to provide a clear, concise, and coherent description of the process. Being able to find and focus on the major features in the diagram is a crucial skill for achieving a high band score on your IELTS writing task 1.

Let's apply this above mentioned techniques to find the key features in our sample question:

Three major possibilities:

Provisional Acceptance (additional documents required)

If rejected:

Either cancel the application or continue it for an alternative course.

3. Task-1 Process Diagram Report Writing Structure

We can complete the essay using only 10 sentences! Yes, it is that much simple! Take a look how we place the 10 sentences in our 4 paragraph essay structure. The  eBook   gives you an in-depth discussion on how to write each paragraph perfectly.

1. Paraphrasing the Question Sentence

Paraphrase the question statement using just one or two sentences. 

2. Overview Paragraph

Sentence 1: summary statement 1(preview of the essay without presenting data)

Sentence 2: summary statement 2 (more preview without presenting data)

3. Body Paragraph 1

Sentence 1: first major point

Sentence 2: second major point

Sentence 3: extension sentence 1 (compare/combine the major points stated above)

Sentence 4: extension sentence 2 (extension of the previous sentence, or adding an exceptional feature).

4. Body Paragraph 2

Sentence 1: exceptional feature 

Sentence 2: extension of the exceptional feature

Sentence 3: final sentence (wrapping-up the whole essay, completely based on the discussion above, nothing new)

Let's develop the answer step by step applying the above-stated 4 paragraph essay structure.

Before we delve into writing the process diagram report, let's introduce you to an effective tool.

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With expert feedback from a former IELTS examiner and 24/7 support, our tailored approach will prepare you to confidently achieve a band score of 7 or higher on the IELTS exam. Therefore, without further delay, check the  IELTS Essay Correction Service and take the guaranteed leap towards success.

4. Paraphrasing the Question Sentence

The first paragraph of our IELTS Task 1 essay is focused on paraphrasing the question statement. This means you'll restate the question sentence in your own words without changing its meaning. To write this paragraph effectively, you'll need to have a good grasp of paraphrasing techniques. 

The purpose of this paragraph is to demonstrate to the examiner how well you've understood the question. It's important to nail this paragraph to make a good first impression. You can check the  eBook  where former IELTS examiners have shared powerful tips and strategies how to paraphrase most effectively.

Let's look at the actual question statement that we are using on this page:

"The diagram shows the procedure for university entry for high school graduates.

Write a report for a university or college lecturer describing the information."

We can paraphrase the statement above as:

"The diagram depicts a sequential process outlining the various steps a high school graduate can take to enrol in a university."

Congratulations, you have completed the first paragraph with just 20 words out of the allotted 150. Now, let's proceed to the next section of the essay, which is the Overview Paragraph.

5. Task-1 Process Diagram Overview Paragraph

The second paragraph of our IELTS Writing Task 1 essay is called the Overview, and it's the most important paragraph of the essay. Without an Overview, you can't score higher than band 5 in the IELTS Writing section. Therefore, it's essential to pay special attention to this paragraph. Considering the significance of this paragraph, the  eBook has dedicated an entire chapter providing effective tips and strategies how to write a perfect overview paragraph.

Remember, the overview is a brief summary of the primary features that you'll discuss in the body paragraphs, so don't include any data in this paragraph, just state the apparent features that you see in the diagrams. The p urpose of this paragraph is to provide the readers with a general idea about your essay.

Overview Paragraph Struc tur e

Remember our Overview paragraph structure:

Sentence 1: summary statement 1(pre v iew of the es say without presenting data)

Let's form the paragraph:

Sentence 1(Summary Statement 1)

"Overall, any high school graduate can apply for university admission, but the administration will determine whether to accept the applicant outright, accept provisionally, or reject the application."

Sentence 2(Summary Statement 2)

"However, if the application is rejected or provisionally accepted, applicants have options to continue the enrolment process."

Complete Overview Paragraph

"Overall, any high school graduate can apply for university admission, but the administration will determine whether to accept the applicant outright, accept provisionally, or reject the application. However, if the application is rejected or provisionally accepted, applicants have options to continue the enrolment process."

Easily done! In the first paragraph, we used 20 words to paraphrase the question sentence. In the second paragraph, we added 44 more words to write the Overview. With this, we've completed two out of the four paragraphs that we recommend for writing the IELTS Task 1 essay. That means we're halfway there! It's time to move on to Body Paragraphs 1 and 2.

6. Body Paragraph 1

In the overview paragraph, we have given just a general statement of significant features, we haven't discussed any detail. Now it's time to explain them in the two body paragraphs.

Body Paragraph 1 Structure

Remember our Body Paragraph 1 structure:

Sentence 3: extension sentence 1 (compa re/combine the major points stated above)

Let's form the paragraph following the above-stated structure:

Sentence 1(First Major Point)

"The possession of a high school diploma is a prerequisite for applying for admission to a university, yet it may not be enough."

Sentence 2(Second Major Point)

"Additional documentation may be necessary for final enrolment."

Sentence 3(Extension Sentence 1)

"Successful applicants may be able to enrol directly if they meet the admission requirements."

Sentence 4(Extension Sentence 2)

"However, further documentation may be required for enrolment if additional requirements are not met."

Complete Body Paragraph 1

"The possession of a high school diploma is a prerequisite for applying for admission to a university, yet it may not be enough. Additional documentation may be necessary for final enrolment. Successful applicants may be able to enrol directly if they meet the admission requirements. However, further documentation may be required for enrolment if additional requirements are not met."

The first body paragraph of our IELTS Task 1 essay is now complete, with an additional 64 words added. We have made significant progress with our essay as we have already covered 75% of the total required words. Our approach is simple, describing the most prominent features depicted in the given images.

The first paragraph contained 20 words, the second contained 44, and the third contained 64, bringing our total to 128 words used out of the required 150. With just one more paragraph remaining, we need to write a minimum of 22 more words to complete the essay. We are making great progress, and it's time to proceed to the final paragraph, the Body Paragraph 2.

7. Body Paragraph 2

The last paragraph of our IELTS Task 1 essay is called Body Paragraph 2. It's the simplest one, as we just need to mention some additional features in the first sentence, make a comparison statement in the second sentence, and wrap up the essay with a summary in the final sentence. So, let's follow this structure for the second body paragraph.

Body Paragraph 2 Structure

Sentence 1(Exceptional Feature)

"Applicants may face the possibility of rejection during the application process."

Sentence 2(Extension of the Exceptional Feature) 

"In the event of rejection, they may choose to apply for alternative courses or face the cancellation of their application."

Sentence 3(Final Sentence)

"Therefore, meeting the primary requirement of a high school graduation is necessary for a university admission, yet acceptance, provisional acceptance, or rejection with alternative course options are all possible outcomes."

Complete Body Paragraph 2

"Applicants may face the possibility of rejection during the application process. In the event of rejection, they may choose to apply for alternative courses or face the cancellation of their application. Therefore, meeting the primary requirement of a high school graduation is necessary for a university admission, yet acceptance, provisional acceptance, or rejection with alternative course options are all possible outcomes."

We've added 60 more words to the previous 128, and just finished the final part of our 4 paragraph essay. That means we have completed an IELTS Task 1 essay with 188  words, which is absolutely okay. In fact, you might always need to write somewhere between 170 and 220 words for giving a good description.

In conclusion, we can say that creating a stellar Task 1 Process Diagram Band 9 report may initially seem daunting, but with the correct understanding and adequate practice, you can master it. The right mix of summarizing and detailing, adopting a logical sequence, and incorporating varied language are all key facets of a top-notch report. If you've been pondering "how to write a process diagram IELTS task 1" or "IELTS academic writing task 1 process diagram example", this comprehensive guide should put all your worries to rest. Remember, it's not only about comprehending the process diagram but also about portraying it effectively and accurately in your writing.

Whether you're at the early stage of asking "what is a process diagram in IELTS writing task 1" or you're seeking advanced tips to elevate your Band 7 report to a Band 9, the techniques shared in this post should prove invaluable. With consistent practice, employing the steps detailed here, you'll be well on your way to mastering your Band 9 report writing skills.

The IELTS writing task 1 process diagram band 9 report doesn't have to be an insurmountable hurdle; in fact, with the right approach, it can become a stepping stone towards your academic success. So, put these insights into practice, fine-tune your skills, and step closer to your IELTS success story.

Don't forget to check the following resources:

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Check the detailed discussion on all the question types

Pie Chart                  Bar Chart

Line Graph                Map

Table Chart               Process Diagram

Multiple Graphs

IELTS with Mark Teacher

How to write ielts task 1 academic ‘process diagrams’.

There are 3 main types of diagrams in Writing Task 1 Academic: a.) Dynamic graphs   b.) Static graphs    c.) Diagrams   ( Maps , Processes) <–  we’re talking about processes 

In this post I will show you how to write about  Process Diagrams. 

Already know how to write IELTS Task 1 Processes? Send me your practice essays for expert feedback: 

Fortunately, the essay structure for every type of Task 1 is basically the same. 

Structure: Task 1 – Academic 4 paragraphs 1.) Summary / Introduction 2.) Overview 3.) Body 1 4.) Body 2

What are Process Diagrams?

Process diagrams describe the sequence of steps either to show how something is made or how something works. The steps of each process are numbered or labelled to help you understand it 

For example, this process diagram shows how glass containers are made . The steps of the process are numbered 1 to 9.

Sometimes you might see a natural process . For example, this process diagram shows the life cycle of a fish.

But in most cases, an IELTS Writing Task 1 process diagrams depict a manmade structure :

You might also get a diagram with 2 separate processes. For example, this process diagram shows how a hot air balloon ascends (goes up) and descends (goes down) . The steps for each process are labelled.

In this blog post we will look at how to approach all kinds of IELTS Writing Task 1 process diagrams, paragraph-by-paragraph.

1.) Process Diagram Introduction / Summary

The introduction paragraph in Task 1 only needs to be 1 or 2 sentences. Like all IELTS Writing Task 1 essays, your introduction should present the main purpose of the graph to the reader in your own words. This means paraphrasing the official IELTS diagram description if you can.

In most cases, you can use one of the following phrases to start your introduction: 

• The diagram shows … the glass+gerund process / cycle 
• The diagram depicts … the process of + Gerund
• The diagram explains … how [noun] is made / is done / is created

We use the Present Simple because the process is always the same.

Here is a language table which you can use to help you create Process Diagram introductions:

Here are some examples of introduction/summary paragraphs using the language table above.

• The pictures show … how plastic bottles are recycled
• The diagram shows … the process of recycling plastic bottles. 
• The diagram shows … the plastic bottle recycling process.

Another example:

• The images illustrate … the process of flying a hot air balloon. 
• The diagram depicts … how a hot air balloon is flown and operated. 

You try! – Write an introduction sentence for this process diagram task. Use the table above to help you. 

• The diagram explains … the process of shaping glass containers. 
• The pictures depict … how glass containers are created and shaped.

2.) Map Diagram Overview

The purpose of the overview paragraph is to give a short summary of the main features. 

In process diagrams, the main features can include:

• The starting actions of the process and the final outcome .  
• The machines that have the most significant effect or have similar functions. e.g. ovens/kilns for heating – crushers/mixers for breaking down the material, generators/turbines for creating electricity or energy)  
• The changes in the state of the materials (liquid > metal / cold > hot / shaped > destroyed)

Here is a language table you can use to help you create your own process diagram overviews:

In some cases, to make a longer overview it is also possible to [combine] some of the features above. I do this in my examples below:

• Overall, we can see that the plastic bottles go from being collected to re-made as consumer items , [during which time] they are taken from empty used bottles and are reduced to a raw material through a series of compressing machines and crushers .

In process diagrams about how machines work, the most common main feature is to highlight the main machinery or mechanisms in the diagram and describe what their function is. For example:

• Overall, we can see that … the operator of the hot air balloon primarily uses a system of cords, valves and burners to control the height of the balloon. 
• Overall, we can see that … controlling the height of the hot air balloon involves a system of cords, valves and burners , which allow the operator to lift and lower the balloon.

You try! – Write an overview paragraph for this process diagram task. Use the table above to help you. 

• Overall, we can see that … glass is put through a series of furnaces , kilns and moulds to eventually be shaped into a finished product.
• Overall, we can see that … glass pieces are melted down before being pressed and moulded into a container-like shape and eventually checked for quality .

3.) Body Paragraphs

Next are the Body paragraphs of your Task 1 report. You can write 2 or 3 Body paragraphs. 

Body paragraphs describe the main features of the process in detail, including the specific actions or machines used in every step. 

It is absolutely best to go through the process chronologically (from start to finish). 

To help the reader follow the process, you should also use signposts to tell the reader when  you are describing the next step. 

You can use basic signposts or advanced signposts.

Use the labels on the diagram to help you write. Often these labels have a verb or adjective form. You can also use the active voice or passive voice of the verb to avoid repetition and show your vocabulary/grammar ability. 

For example:

Sorting : to sort Passive Voice: is / are sorted –  “The bottles are sorted into 2 groups…”  Adjective: sorted –  “The sorted bottles are sent to … [Step 4]” . 

In most cases, the Passive Voice is the most common voice to use in IELTS Task 1 process diagrams, that’s for two reasons: 

• The process is the same every time (it doesn’t matter who does it) 
• We don’t always know who operates the machines (it’s not an important feature)

Here are some examples of full essays that use the same tips as above. The [signposts] and [the passive voice] have been highlighted. 

Introduction: The diagram shows the process of recycling plastic bottles. 

Overview: Overall, we can see that the plastic bottles go from being collected to re-made as consumer items, during which time they are taken from empty used bottles and are reduced to a raw material through a series of compressing machines and crushers. 

Body 1 : [First of all], disposed of plastic bottles are collected from recycling bins. [ Before], a garbage truck transports the bottles to a recycling centre . [ After they have arrived,] the bottles are sorted into two categories based on their viability, and the usable bottles are compressed into large blocks. 

Body 2 : [After that] , these blocks are crushed into small pieces of plastic, where they are then washe d . The small plastic pellets that are produced and then are put into another machine which creates heated pellets that form raw material . [Finally] , this raw material is used to produce brand new products such as bottles, clothes, recycled bags and even pencils.  (162 words)

Introduction : The diagram depicts how a hot air balloon is flown and operated. 

Overview : Overall, we can see that controlling the height of the hot air balloon involves a system of cords, valves and burners, which allow the operator to lift and lower the balloon. 

Body 1 : (focus on ascending) In order to ascend, the pilot must [first] open the gas tanks located inside the passenger basket and ignite the burners. With the valve at the top of the hot air balloon closed, this allows more hot air to fill the balloon envelope, which causes the balloon to rise. 

Body 2 : (focus on descending) In contrast, to descend the balloon, the gas tanks and burners must be closed and turned off . [Then, once the valve cord is pulled by the operator] , the valve at the top of the balloon opens and allows the hot air to be released . [As the hot air leaves the balloon] , the entire craft begins to return to the ground. (164 words)

You try! – Write the body paragraphs for this process diagram task. Use the examples above to help you.

Overview: Overall, we can see that glass is put through a series of furnaces, kilns and moulds to eventually be shaped into a finished product.

Body 1: [First] small glass pieces are put into a furnace and are heated at 105 degrees Celsius to create hot glass.   [When the glass has melted] it is then placed inside the first mould of the process and pressed , shaping the glass into a cup or container. [Afterwards] the glass is moved to a second mould where air is allowed inside. This makes the glass wider and taller in shape.

Body 2: [Then] the newly moulded cup is heated again in a kiln, this time at a lower temperature of 482 degrees. [After that] the cup is allowed to cool for 60 minutes at just 25 degrees, during which time the heat is also released . [Finally] the cooled glass is checked and sorted into two categories, one to be packaged and sold , the other to be discarded as waste.

There you go! A high-band approach, several examples and a reliable framework for you to use in your own IELTS Writing test. 

Questions? Write them in the comments below. 

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IELTS Process Diagram

In Writing Task 1 you might be asked to describe a process or natural cycle.

The only difference between them is that a process has a finished product (e.g. sugar), whereas a cycle repeats itself (e.g. a butterfly) .

The language and steps that you use are basically the same.

• Rewrite the introduction.
• Describe the steps – use the Present Simple Active and Passive.
• Use logical linking words.
• Write an overview.
• Check number of words (add more if necessary).

The process diagram is nothing to be afraid of – in many ways it is much simpler than graphs and charts.

In this lesson, we’ll look at a Cambridge Past Paper example process about sugar cane production.

The diagram below shows the manufacturing process for making sugar from sugar cane.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Write at least 150 words.

1. Rewrite the introduction

You need to paraphrase the introduction, just as you do with graphs and charts.

Re-write the introduction in your own words.

Simple option:

• Keep the basic sentence structure but use synonyms .
• Don’t try to change every word – this can cause mistakes.

e.g. The diagram below shows the manufacturing process for making sugar from sugar cane.

Re-write as: The diagram below   illustrates the steps involved in the manufacture of sugar from sugar cane.

This is a safe option , as it keeps the same sentence structure.

Check where you put the ‘s’ when you use ‘the diagram show S ‘ (3rd person ‘ s ‘) or ‘the image S show’ (plural ‘ s ‘). This is a common mistake.

Advanced option

You could use a more complex sentence structure by changing the word order slightly and using the verb in the Passive

e.g. The diagram illustrates how sugar canes are processed in order to produce sugar.

Using the Passive Tense gives you an instantly sophisticated, complex and academic option.

• Countable vs Uncountable: ‘how canes ARE processed’ vs Uncountable ‘how sugar IS produced’.
• Remember that you should NOT use any opinion (but see my advice in Step 5 about adding extra details)

2. Describe the stages

Here’s my TOP TIP about Active and Passive verbs.

Look at the titles for each stage – the diagram gives you most of the verbs that you need e.g. ‘ growing’, ‘harvesting’, ‘crushing’, ‘purifying’, ‘drying’, ‘cooling’.

To avoid using these words exactly as they are in the text, turn them into PASSIVE structures.

For example:

Stage 1: ‘growing’.

Main verb: ‘grow’

Passive: ‘The canes are GROWN ‘.

The only thing you have to worry about is whether you need Singular or  Plural .

• The sugar canes ARE crushed.
• The juice IS extracted.

You can also use some ACTIVE verbs. For example:

• The farmer cuts the canes.
• The juice goes/passes through a filter.
• The liquid turns into syrup.

3. Vary your linking words

Now that you’ve got a list of stages, you need to put them all together with a variety of linking words.

One benefit of the Process Diagram is that you don’t need to worry too much about organising or grouping the information, because everything is already presented for you in a step-by-step way.

However, to avoid using ‘mechanical linking’, practise using other options.

Many students just put the linking words at the start of the sentence. This can sound repetitive , and it is important not to OVERUSE linking words.

Don’t choose a different linking word for the start of every sentence. Use some in the middle:

• the process by which sugar is produced
• the container in which the crystals are separated
• the machine where the juice is extracted.

Compare these two versions:

Version 1: simple, accurate but a little ‘mechanical’

The canes are harvested/cut down. Then they are taken/transported to a factory. Next, they are crushed and the juice is extracted. Afterwards, the juice is purified. After that it is heated and it becomes syrup. Finally the sugar crystals are separated from the syrup. (*articles)

Version 2: More fluent and natural

In the initial stages of the process, the sugar canes are harvested before being taken to a factory where they undergo several treatments. Firstly, they are washed and crushed, to produce a juice which is purified and then heated .

The last stage involves separating the sugar crystals from the syrup. The resulting sugar is subsequently dried and cooled in preparation for consumption.

Use ‘verb+ing’ linking words, for example

• before being purified
• after leaving the factory

Learn more about using ‘ing’ verbs as linkers.

4. Write an overview

This is the most essential part of ANY Task 1.

If you don’t write an overview, you are limited to a Band 5 for Task Achievement.

It is often difficult to know what to write in an overview but it’s better to write something than nothing.

A basic overview could be:

‘Overall, the diagram shows that there are many steps involved in the process of making sugar.’

Depending on the task, you might be able to say something noticeable about the process.

Overall, the process consists of seven stages, involving several pieces of specialist equipment to produce sugar of a desired quality for household use.

FAQ: Should the overview go at the start or at the end?

It doesn’t matter. The overview can go just after the Introduction, or at the END of the description.

I tend to leave the overview until the end with a process diagram.

5. Check your word count

I asked a fluent English speaker to write a description of this sugar cane process.

What is the problem with this very well-written response?

The diagram shows the steps in the process of manufacturing sugar from sugar cane. Canes which have been growing for between 12 and 18 months are harvested either by machine or by hand, using a machete. The canes are then placed in a crushing machine which extracts the juice.This juice is purified by passing it through a limestone filter. The filtered juice is then placed in an evaporator in which the juice is heated to drive off the water content, leaving behind the syrup. Following this, the syrup is separated in a centrifuge – a process which separates the sugar crystals from the syrup. Finally, the sugar is dried and cooled ready for packaging.

116 words (minus words given in the diagram)

It’s underlength!

It is quite difficult to write over 150 words for a process diagram, especially when you’re using words that are already in the task.

So always check the word count.

You may need to find opportunities to add extra words.

• say WHY something is done (in order to remove impurities)
• give extra details (transported by truck; harvested by hand with a machete; which is now in liquid form)
• give examples (can be used in for a variety of sweet foodstuffs such as cakes and desserts)
• add simple adjectives (a nearby factory, a large container, a thick syrup)
• add past-participle adjectives (the purified liquid, the filtered juice, the shredded cane)

Although you should not use your opinion, adding small details like this can boost your Vocabulary score if you’re aiming for Band 7+.

Language for process diagrams

Less common linking words.

• The proces starts (with, when)
• The process culminates/ends (in)
• In the first stage/initial stages…
• The first step is to…
• The process continues until (it forms/it reaches the desired consistency).
• It undergoes further processing to (remove any remaining impurities)
• Once this stage is complete, …
• After completion of this stage, …
• The next step is …
• Once/When/As soon as this has finished,…

Language related to processes

• The process involves (+ing verb) 
• The process consists of (5 stages)
• This requires (specialist machinery/ a device)
• This is done mostly by hand/mechanically/by machine.
• The procedure is (mostly) automated.
• This is achieved by a process of (steaming)
• Production is largely mechanised.
• This is a relatively simple process.
• This is a lengthy, complicated, time-consuming, energy-efficient, energy-intensive process.
• Ready for …..packaging, consumption, sale, distribution
• The final product
• To manufacture the final product
• Which results in…
• Resulting in…
• It is boiled until it (thickens)
• Ready to be consumed, used, sent, packaged
• Overall there are (7) stages/steps in the process, beginning with ______ and culminating in ________.

Other useful vocabulary

(Plants) are

• picked, harvested, cut down, gathered, collected, sorted
• transported, taken, moved, sent to
• placed/put into, fed through
• washed, cleaned, purified
• chopped, shredded, cut up, cut into small pieces
• dried, crushed, ground
• blended, squeezed
• discarded, removed

Liquids are 

• heated, boiled
• concentrated/condensed
• treated with (lime)
• poured into

Materials are

• bleached, dyed
• polished , smoothed, ironed, softened
• soaked, washed, submerged
• made into, transformed into
• combined, mixed

Products are

• placed onto (a conveyor belt)
• placed into (an oven, a kiln)
• packed, bagged, labelled, delivered
• transported, taken to, shipped
• ready to be used

🚜 A machine (a piece of machinery), a device, a roller, a grinder, a mould, a cutter, a mixer

🪓 a tool, a gadget

🏭 A factory, a refinery, a workshop, a mill

🛢️ A container, vat, pot

A tip about articles (a/the)

When you first mention the product (e.g. sugar, sugar canes), you don’t normally need ‘the’.

But when it becomes clear that we know what you’re talking about (2nd mention), then you need to use ‘the’.

In the model below ‘the’ is used in almost every instance apart from the first mention in the introduction.

First mention: ‘…how _ sugar is produced from _ sugar cane(s)’.

Second mention: ‘ The sugar canes are harvested’.

First mention: ‘…taken to a factory.’

Second mention: ‘In the factory,…’.

Model Answer

The diagram shows how sugar is produced from sugar cane(s). 

The journey begins with the sugar canes being grown on the farm, over a period of around a year to eighteen months. As soon as the canes are ripe, they are harvested/gathered/collected either manually/by hand with a machete, or mechanically/by machine with specialized equipment. Once harvested, the canes/stalks are transported to a sugar mill/refinery where they are crushed (in a grinder) in order to extract the juice.

The extracted juice is then filtered using limestone to remove any impurities. The clarified juice is concentrated by boiling it in a large container/vat, producing a thick syrup once most of the liquid has evaporated. This syrup is then spun in a centrifuge to separate the sugar crystals from the remaining liquid. The resulting raw sugar is dried to remove excess moisture, and is left to cool before being packaged ready for consumption and use in cooking and baking.

Overall the process consists of seven stages, involving several pieces of specialist equipment to produce sugar of a desired quality for household use.

Other process diagrams:

• Recycling plastic bottles (Book 16)
• How instant noodles are made (Book 15)
• Hydroelectric power station (Book 14)
• Geothermal energy (Book 12)
• The manufacture of bricks (Book 9?)
• Cement and concrete production (Book 8)
• Making leather goods.
• Getting energy from coal

See IELTS IDP’s article about Process Diagrams in the IELTS Writing Test.

• How to describe a dynamic graph (general advice)
• How to compare and contrast (static graph)
• How to describe a dynamic chart (UK Migration)
• How to deal with a complex bar chart (US household income)
• How to deal with complex tables
• How to describe a natural cycle (butterfly)
• How to describe a natural cycle (nitrogen)
• How to describe a process (leather goods)
• How to describe a process (energy from coal)
• How to describe ‘before and after’ diagrams (map of a park)
• Grammar – Advanced comparisons for Task 1: Twice as much or many
• Grammar – Advanced linking words for Task 1: Present Participle
• Grammar – How to use ‘such’ as a reference word
• How to use the Past Perfect in dynamic graphs
• 6 ways to make predictions in Task 1 : from Simple to Advanced
• 14 ways to improve your IELTS Writing Score

Do you need motivation, high-quality materials, a roadmap, feedback, guidance and an IELTS specialist teacher?

Join the Members Academy today.

Get instant access to all courses, challenges, boot camps, live classes, interactive and engaging classes, 1:1 support, and a friendly tight-knit community of like-minded learners to get you to Band 7+ .

IELTS Writing Task 1 Process Diagrams: Step-by-step method for a good score

Apart from statistical charts like line graphs and bar diagrams, it is also possible that you are asked to describe diagrams of machines and/or processes in IELTS Writing Task 1 .

IELTS Writing Task 1 Process Diagram questions expect candidates to explain how a device or activity works by deciphering the illustration.

IELTS Writing Task 1 Process Diagram Sample questions

WRITING TASK 1

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

Write at least 150 words.

Coal-powered plant

Wind turbine

How earth’s atmosphere creates the greenhouse effect

Analysis of IELTS Writing Task 1 Process Diagrams

To understand the operation shown in IELTS Writing Task 1 Process Diagrams, begin by figuring out the following things:

• the main sections of the diagram
• the order of stages or the relationships between different sections
• symbolic and lexical cues in the diagram

Let’s try this with one of the IELTS Writing Task 1 Process Diagram questions from before.

Writing Introductions

The Introduction paragraph for IELTS Writing Task 1 Process Diagrams is no different from other types of questions in IELTS Writing Task 1.

Click here » to view the lesson on writing an Introduction.

Overview for IELTS Writing Task 1 Process Diagrams

Akin to other types of graphics we get in IELTS Writing Task 1, there needs to be an overview (summary) paragraph for process diagrams. This paragraph should highlight the main feature of the diagram and the core mechanism of the action .

• Explain the entire process in a short consolidated sentence
• Mention the names of some of the major parts of the process without detailing the functions

Let’s look at an example for one of the IELTS Writing Task 1 Process Diagram questions from above.

IELTS Writing Task 1 Process Diagram Tips

The description of processes should be an objective reporting of facts deduced from the image in question.

Apart from the main requirements of the test , there are other things to consider.

Cause and effect

Since we have to establish a causal relationship between the various parts of the process , it is imperative to learn to compose sentences which show purpose.

The following words or phrases can be used to communicate cause and effect relationships.

Example sentences

• Coal is transported to the furnace in order to to provide fuel to the fire.
• Boiling water in the boiler gives rise to steam.
• The rotation of the turbines results in the generation of electricity.
• Power cables connect the nacelle with the transformer so that the generator transmits the current.
• The rotor blades spin due to the force of wind.
• Infrared radiation is trapped as a result of the earth’s atmosphere.
• The generator is connected to long distance power lines so as to supply electricity to the power grid.

Passive voice

While reporting on processes, it is more appropriate to emphasize the action itself rather than whoever is doing the action by using the passive voice . The subject who performs the action is irrelevant in sentences in the passive voice, and the action is highlighted.

Structures for passive voice

IELTS Writing Task 1 Process Diagram Sample answers

Next lesson:

IELTS Writing Task 1 Maps: The perfect format

Related Posts

Ielts writing task 1: highly effective tips for describing images, ielts writing task 1 tutorial: easy tips and tricks, ielts writing task 1 introduction paragraph: try this easy method, writing the perfect ielts writing task 1 overview.

quite helpful for describing the diagrams

Much obliged.

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IELTS Writing Task 1 Process Diagram Tips, Vocabulary

Updated On Dec 08, 2023

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IELTS Writing Prediction Questions for 2024

In IELTS Writing Task 1, different types of graphs, charts, maps or process diagrams are given on the basis of which you have write your report. 

In Process diagrams, there are 2 types of processes which include Manufacturing Process (MP) and Natural Process (NP). Passive voice is preferred for MP while NP is active voice.

Below are some useful tips,  sentence structures and vocabulary for this IELTS Writing Task 1. 

• Follow the same initial steps for writing about a graph.
• In the introduction you can use: The diagram/picture/chart shows/illustrates/describes/depicts the process of/how… For example: Topic : The diagram below shows how the Australian Bureau of Meteorology collects up-to-the-minute information on the weather in order to produce reliable forecasts. ==> Essay: The figure illustrates the process used by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology to  forecast  the weather.
• Find a starting point and write the process as a series of steps
• Useful connecting words you can use are:
• first/firstly/first of all, to star with, … or   The first step | is involved + Ving                                  
• secondly, thirdly
• then/next/after that/following that/following on from this, …
• subsequently/in the subsequent stage/ subsequent to that, finally..

==> Example: To begin with , the food is processed. The next step is when it is packed. Finally , it is delivered.

Prepositions: At the beginning of…/ At the end of…

Use the following conjunctions to make more complex sentences

– when/once/as soon as/immediately/whereas….

Eg: Once obtained, raw materials and manufactured components are stored for later assembly

The manufacturing stages involve the storage, assembly, inspection, packing to the sales methods whereas the research stages include market & product research, design and advertisement.

– before + clause or gerund

Eg: Most consumer goods go through a series of stages before they emerge as finished products ready for sale.

– after + clause or gerund

Eg: After the production planning is complete the assembly, inspection, testing and packaging stages are done sequentially.

– where/from where/after which

Eg: Assembly first depends upon the production planning stage, where it is decided how and in what quantities the stored materials will be processed to create sufficient quantities of finished goods.

Useful Sentence Structures

X=The chart/diagram….

1, X (shows/describes/illustrates) how + clause

E.g: The diagram below shows how salt is removed from sea water to make it drinkable

2, X (shows/describe/illustrates) + noun

E.g: The charts below show the result of public survey

3, X (provides/gives) information about……….

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. The diagram illustrates the process that is used to manufacture bricks for the building industry.  Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant. Write at least 150 words.

(Post your writing in the comment, your writing will be corrected in 24 hours)

• IELTS Writing tips
• IELTS Writing recent actual test
• IELTS Writing Answer sheet
• IELTS map vocabulary
• IELTS Writing Task 1 Connectors

Frequently Asked Questions

How to attempt an IELTS process diagram essay?

How is Grammar and Vocabulary important when writing the process diagram essay?

Can contractions or idioms be used for describing process diagrams in the IELTS Writing Task 1?

What words and phrases to avoid in the process diagram essay?

Is it always necessary to paraphrase the question in the process diagram of IELTS Academic Writing Task 1?

Practice IELTS Writing Task 1 based on report types

Proven tips to score Band 9 in IELTS Writing

Nafia Zuhana is an experienced content writer and IELTS Trainer. Currently, she is guiding students who are appearing for IELTS General and Academic exams through ieltsmaterial.com. With an 8.5 score herself, she trains and provides test takers with strategies, tips, and nuances on how to crack the IELTS Exam. She holds a degree in Master of Arts – Creative Writing, Oxford Brookes University, UK. She has worked with The Hindu for over a year as an English language trainer.

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14 comments.

Jiji paul P

Posted on Jul 16, 2021

The diagram provides information regarding the production of bricks for the construction field. Overall, the manufacturing of clay bricks contains eight stages which start from digging of clay to the delivery. First of all, the clay has been signed out of the land with the help of a digger and put this raw material into a metal grid with a roll where the mud has been powdered and filtered. Next, it has been mixed with sand and water. After this step, the material goes for shaping which is of two-mode, one is by using a wire cutter and the other is using traditional moulds. In the next stage, the bricks get transferred to a drying oven where the bricks being kept for 24-48 hours. Later proceed into a container with two layers of the kiln where the moderate (200°C-980°C) and high temperatures of 870°C to 1300°C respectively as well as a cooling layer where the product has been kept for 48-72 hours. The final property has shifted for packaging purpose then get delivered to customers.

ABHIROOP GHOSE

Posted on Sep 13, 2018

This diagram demonstrates the process of making bricks that used for the building industry. Overall, it can clearly be seen that, the process of manufacturing industrial bricks consists of 7 steps. Starting by digging the ground and ends by delivery. To begin, the first step is producing the clay which used to make the bricks by digging the ground using a large digger. Then the clay placed into a metal grid to break up the clay into small pieces, a roller is used to help in this step. After that, the clay is mixed with sand and water, then this mixture is turned into bricks by either putting it into a mould or using a wire cutter.

Following this, the bricks transferred to the drying oven to dry for 24-48 hrs. Subsequently, using a large kin, the bricks exposed to moderate temperature(200-980)then high temperature(200-1300).Next, the bricks are cooled in a cooling chamber for 2-3 days. Finally, the bricks are packed and delivered to their destinations.

Chandra Khanal

Posted on Dec 25, 2019

Step 1 (Paraphrase the question or re- introduce the topic) The diagram explains the way in which bricks are made for the building industry.

Step 2 Specific Details 1 (Just look at 4 processes only) To begin, the clay used to make the bricks is extracted from the ground by a large digger. This clay is then placed onto a metal grid, which is used to break up the clay into smaller pieces. A roller assists in this process. Following this, sand and water is added to the clay, and this mixture is turned into bricks by either placing it into a mould or using a wire cutter. Next, these bricks are kept in an oven to dry for 24 – 48 hours.

Step 3 Specific Details 3 (Take the last three steps) In the subsequent stage, the bricks go through a heating and cooling process. They are heated in a kiln at a moderate and then a high temperature (ranging from 200c to 1300c), followed by a cooling process in a chamber for 2 – 3 days. Finally, the bricks are packed and delivered to their destinations.

Step 4 (Write an overview) Overall, there are seven steps in the process, beginning with the digging up of clay and culminating in delivery.

IELTS Material

Posted on Sep 29, 2018

It is a well-organized answer.Keep it up!

Sitti Mardiya Askali Sariol

Posted on Oct 21, 2017

The diagram indicates the method that is utilized in making bricks for building industry. It is shown here that the process will begin at the site where clay are dug by a digging vehicle. The obtained clay will then undergo a process whereby it is strained, to separate the large pieces from the fine ones. The finer clay will be submitted to a roller where it will be led to either a molding or cutting equipment, through which bricks are created. Once the bricks are made, they will be subjected to for drying in an oven for 24-48 hours. The drying process is of two steps, first is with the use of moderate heat which is 200- 980 degree Celsius, secondly is drying in a 870- 1300 degree Celsius of heat. Once the bricks were dried, they will be locked in a cooling chamber for 48- 72 hours. After two to three days, these materials will be ready and will be prepared for packaging. Finally, the product will be delivered through a lorry to an industrial consumer.

novie manerwap

Posted on Oct 15, 2017

The picture shows the process in producing bricks for the building industry. Firstly, a digger is used to collect clay from the ground which is then transported to the manufacturing site and placed on a metal grid in a roller machine where it is pulverized further and segregated from soil and other impurities. Secondly, sand and water is mixed with the clay, after which the mixture is placed in a mould. Next, the molded clay is cut into small bricks using a wire cutter that is passed through each mould. After this, the cut bricks are processed in a drying oven for 24-48 hours. When the drying period is finished, the bricks are placed in a kiln with varying temperatures from moderate (200-980 degrees) to high (870-1000 degrees) to desiccate the blocks more. The last step in the process is to cool the cinders where it is placed in a chamber for 48-72 hours. Lastly , the finished products are packed then placed in a truck where it is delivered for use in the construction industry.

Posted on Aug 11, 2017

the diagram given provide information about how the bricks are made to be used in building industry. at the first sight it can be clearly seen that the process is divided into 7 main phases. in the first stage , a digger is used to gather the clay from the ground. then , the collected clay is filterized through a grid made from metal. the outcome clay is put on a roller. after that sand and water are added to the clay. the next step is divided into 2 different ways.the clay is cut by a wire cutter or put into a mould and outcome from the 2 stages are the bricks. after the bricks are made , it’s placed in a drying oven or 24 to 48 hours. after the required time finished , the bricks are sent to 2 kilns. the first kiln is with moderate heat(200 to 980 c) and the following kiln is with high heat ( 870 to 1300 c) . at the end of this stage bricks are sent to a cooling chamber for 2 to 3 days. at the end the packaging phase starts. then the bricks are ready to be used in building and it is transferred to the building points by trucks. all in all, the process is divided into 7 stages (gathering – filtering- cutting- drying-heating-packaging and delivering)

Posted on Jul 6, 2017

The picture depicts the process by which the paper and pulps are produced. Overall, it is clear that there are 13 main steps in the process of making paper and pulps, starting from cutting wood and ending with making paper rolls and paper bales. At the first step of the process, once chopped down, the wood is then chipped. Following to this, it goes through digester and becomes a piece of paper, after which in pull screen the paper is then cleaned up. In the next stage, after going through 4 stages, namely pulp former, pulp driers, pulp reel, and pulp cutter, it turns into paper bales. When it comes to the production of refined paper for printing, having got rid of some skins, paper is then dried. Subsequently, paper mixed with some water is pressed and paper also is pressed. Final stage of the process is that after drying the paper for some period of time, it then becomes paper roll.

agostinopalomba

Posted on Nov 18, 2016

The diagram below shows how processing works would be used to manufacture bricks for build industry. The first step is involved by a digger which cach the clay for putting above a metal grid, over a huge roller, after that a mixing of clay with a certain quantity of sand and a good amount of water make something that will be pass trough a wire cutter and than after this passage, any catted pieces was putted into a mould that give this a particular kind of shape. After that many pieces of these must be moved inside a dring oven for 24/ 48 hours at a variable temperature, firstly at a moderate temperature between 200° and 980°, secondly after this first step the temperature goes high until reach a minimum valu of 870° and without overweith 1300°. Finally this big block will be moved inside a cooling chamber for 48/72 hours and then will be packaged and delivery starting.

Posted on Sep 16, 2016

THE ABOVE DIAGRAM REPRESENTS THE PROCESS THAT IS USED TO MANUFACTURE BRICKS FOR BUILDING INDUSTRY.THERE ARE VARIOUS STEPS INVOLVED IN IT FIRSTLY IT STARTS WITH CLAY WHICH IS COLLECTED WITH THE HELP OF THE DIGGER .WITH THE HELP OF METAL GRID THE CLAY IS FLITTERED BY USING ROLLERS .FURTHER IT IS PROCESSED BY ADDING SOME AMOUNT OF SAND AND WATER INTO IT .NOW WE HAVE TWO METHODS TO SHAPE UP THE BRICK THAT IS EITHER WE CAN USE A RECTANGULAR MOULD WITH PROPER DIMENSIONS OR WITH THE HELP OF THE WIRE CUTTER BRICKS CAN BE CUT INDIVIDUALLY INTO A PROPER SHAPE . NOW THE BRICKS FORMED ARE KEPT IN OVEN FOR ABOUT 24-48 HOURS TO GIVE SOME SORT OF HEATING SENSATIONS .FROM OVEN THE BRICKS ARE SHIFTED TO KLIN WHERE THE BURNING PROCESS TAKES PLACE FIRSTLY AT MODERATE TEMPRATURE AND AFTER SOME TIME THE TEMPRATURE IS INCREASED SLIGHTLY . FROM KILN THE BRICKS ARE SHIFTED INTO A COOLING CHAMBER FOR ABOUT 2-3 DAYS TO GIVE SOME COOLING EFFECT. AND THE PROCESS ENDS UP WITH A LAST STEP THAT IS PACKAGING, AND ALL SET READY TO DELIVER IT TO CUSTOMERS ACROSS INDIA .

Posted on Aug 23, 2016

Firstly the earth is dug out using the digger.This earth is loaded on to a conveyor belt made of metal where in only the sand particals are filtered out to be mixed with the right quantity of water.Next, the mixture is either passed through a mould where a wire is used to cut the continuous mixture at certain intervals where it takes the form of bricks or the mixture is poured into moulds to take the desired shape. These bricks or the moulds are then loaded into a drying oven for a duration of 1 to 2 days.After this process they are moved into a brick Kiln where in the bricks undergo a gradual cooking starting temperatures from 200 degree Celsius to high as 1300 degree Celsius. They are then shifted into a cooling chamber where in they undergo a gradual cooling which can last up to 3 days.These bricks are then ready for packaging and ready for delivery to various customers all across India.

Posted on Jul 29, 2016

The presented infographic reveals the chain method, which is applied to manufacture brick for the industry construction.

The process starts with digger digging for the clay as the main raw materials for brick. Thenafter, a metal grinder will be used to grind the clay and the clay will be rolled in a roller and mixed withe sand and water on the clay. Now, for shaping the brick there will involve two substitute method, either using a wire cutter or using a mould.

Further, the well shaped bricks will be kept on a drying oven for 24 to 48 hours before moving them to kiln under the moderate temperature. Likewise, from moderate kiln, the bricks will be shifted to high and cooling temperature respectively. And, finally the brick will be ready for use and will be caked and forwarded for delivery.

Overall, manufacturing brick is a five step process before it’s final outcome

Posted on Jun 30, 2016

the picture shows the procedure of producing bricks for purpose of constructing buildings.

according to the diagram ,first of all clay collected from the ground using a digger.then collected clay send thru a metal grind and a roller to make into small pieces.next water and sand are added to the piece of metal and mix up well.after that this mixture turn into the bricks via wire cutter or mould..Following on from this ,before burning these bricks store in a drying oven for one to two days.at the last stage dried bricks are restored in a kiln and let it burn at moderate temperature (200-980),high temperature (870-1300) and once it burned keep it in a cooling chamber for two ,three days before packaging.finally these ready to use bricks are packed and delivered to the destination where it required..

Posted on Jul 1, 2016

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How to Describe a Process Diagram [IELTS Writing Task 1]

Posted by David S. Wills | Jul 9, 2019 | IELTS Tips , Writing | 0

In the IELTS writing exam, you may be required to describe a process diagram. This will be part of writing task 1, a section in which you might normally expect to encounter a line graph, bar chart, or table.

Describing a process diagram might fill you with fear, but you shouldn’t worry too much. They always look much more difficult than they really are. While process diagrams may seem much harder than line graphs or bar charts, they are usually quite simple, and if you can avoid panicking, you should be able to write a strong essay.

In today’s lesson, I’m going to show you a step-by-step guide to describing process diagrams for IELTS.

Analyse the Question

First of all, as with any IELTS writing question, you must take a few minutes to analyse the question before you begin writing. Let’s look at an example question:

The diagram below shows how electricity is generated in a hydroelectric power station. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and making comparisons where relevant.

Here is the diagram:

And here is how it will look on the exam paper:

So what do you need to do? The question tells us in pretty simple terms what the diagram is about, so we should read that first. In this case, it is all about generating (making) electricity. We can see from the picture that this is done using water (hydroelectric power).

Identify the Stages

When you are analysing the diagram, it is important to break it into different stages and put them in the correct order. Sometimes this is very easy… but sometimes it can be a little difficult. Looking at our example diagram from above, we can identify the following stages:

• Water flows from river into reservoir
• Water flows through intake to power station
• Turbines turn to generate electricity
• Electricity sent to national grid via power lines
• Water flows into lower level reservoir
• Water returns back to upper level at night

You might want to label the diagram this way:

Note that the order of events is not always 100% clear, and sometimes two or more things may happen at the same time. In the above example, I have listed #4 and #5 separately, even though they basically happen together. I did this because in my description I would like to link the electricity generator to the power lines because I feel that this is a logical connection. The excess water is more incidental, and would then be mentioned after.

Finding the Right Vocabulary

Many students panic when they see a process diagram because they think that there will be some complicated vocabulary that is needed. For example, there are sometimes diagrams about complex industrial or ecological processes… Can you imagine how difficult those would be to describe?!?!

Well, actually they are not that difficult. In fact, process diagrams usually contain most of the vocabulary that you need to describe them within the diagram. You just need to make some small alterations to the grammar.

Check out this video about how to describe a process diagram using the vocabulary included on the diagram:

Going back to our example from above, we can see that there is already a lot of information in the diagram, and we can use this to describe the process without having to rely on our own knowledge. (Let’s face it, most people don’t know the precise language required to talk about hydroelectric dams.)

We can see that the words “generate” and “generator” are already included on the diagram, and these are key to understanding what is happening. Another word, “flow” is written on the diagram, and this refers to the movement of water.

In order to avoid repetition, you might want to think of synonyms of these words:

It is worth noting that “pump” is not exactly a synonym of “flow,” but it can contextually have a similar meaning when considering this diagram. You can also think of antonyms (words with the opposite meaning). An antonym of “flow” is “hold back.” You can see how I have used these words in my sample answer below.

Grammar for IELTS Writing Task 1

Your grammar must be very precise in IELTS writing task 1. When it comes to process diagrams and maps , you should be especially careful about article use. Remember that the reader should be able to visualise the image from your description, so you need to imagine that they cannot see it.

Considering that, you must use “a” when you first introduce something and then later use “the” to refer back to it. That’s because it is an unknown thing first but later it is known. This is explained in depth in this video lesson:

Passive Voice

While the passive voice is not very common in English, it is extremely common when people describe process diagrams for IELTS. This is because the passive voice is used when we don’t know who or what is doing an action, or don’t need to say. It is also useful when we put emphasis on the object of an action. For all those reasons, we really need it for this sort of task.

For example, rather than saying “______ generates electricity,” we can instead say, “Electricity is generated.” This is useful because we don’t know who is operating the power station, and we are not allowed to guess at this sort of thing in IELTS. If we wanted to include the fact that the process results in the generation of electricity, we could say it in one of two ways:

• The flow of water through a dam generates electricity.
• Electricity is generated by the flow of water through a dam.

The second one is passive voice, and it puts emphasis on the result, which can be more useful, especially if we are focusing on this in the introduction to our essay.

Here is another example:

• A dam holds water back from its natural course.
• The water is held back from its natural course by a dam.

Again, the second example is passive and puts emphasis on the water, which may be more important in that context. It also adds a degree of formality, as passive structures are a feature of formal writing.

Sometimes we can mix active and passive voice to give some diversity to our language:

• The water flows into a lower reservoir, but at night it is pumped back up through the system to the upper reservoir.

The first example is active and the second is passive. In the first example, the water is more important than the reservoir, and having an active structure shows the relationship more clearly. Water —-> reservoir. In the second, we don’t need to say what is pumping the water, and we want the water to be more important, so we use passive voice.

Here is a video about using the passive voice in IELTS writing task 1:

Sample Answer

Here is my sample answer to the question and diagram above:

The diagram depicts a hydroelectric power station, and shows how electricity is generated by the flow of water through a dam and other component parts. Ultimately, water flows from one reservoir to another, producing electricity that is sent to the national grid. Firstly, water enters a reservoir from a river. The water is held back from its natural course by a dam, underneath which there is an intake pipe that is open during the day and closed at night. During the daytime, water flows down, via gravity, to the power station, which is housed below the dam. In the power station, the flowing water spins a generator, which produces an electrical current that is then distributed via power lines to the national grid. Once the water has generated this electricity, it flows into a lower reservoir, but at night it is pumped back up through the system to the upper reservoir, ready to begin the process again the following day.

About The Author

David S. Wills

David S. Wills is the author of Scientologist! William S. Burroughs and the 'Weird Cult' and the founder/editor of Beatdom literary journal. He lives and works in rural Cambodia and loves to travel. He has worked as an IELTS tutor since 2010, has completed both TEFL and CELTA courses, and has a certificate from Cambridge for Teaching Writing. David has worked in many different countries, and for several years designed a writing course for the University of Worcester. In 2018, he wrote the popular IELTS handbook, Grammar for IELTS Writing and he has since written two other books about IELTS. His other IELTS website is called IELTS Teaching.

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IELTS academic writing task 1: process diagram

Model answer for the production of electricity..

Updated: February 2024

In the last lesson about process diagrams, I looked at the grammar and vocabulary needed to write about them. Click here to see the grammar needed .   This type of task often appears in IELTS academic writing task 1, so I advise practicing this before the exam.

The passive voice is used when describing a process and you will also need sequencers to show the step by step process. The structure needed is: an introduction, an overview and 2 body paragraphs. Word count is 150 words minimum, aim for around 160 to 180 words.

You will notice that the task question in academic task 1 says:

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

You do not have to write about every single feature on the chart or diagram. Pick out the main features and also use the language of comparisons. In the case of a process diagram, it is pretty straightforward. Just describe the process using active and passive and sequencers . Check the grammar needed here in this lesson.

In the task below, I used a process diagram from the Cambridge IELTS 12 Academic book . I advise only using official IELTS material when practicing as there is a lot of fake material out there with IELTS. You can get this book online at Amazon.

The diagram below shows how geothermal energy is used to produce electricity.

Model Answer:

The diagram illustrates the process by which geothermal energy is used in the production of electricity.

Overall, there are five steps in the process, starting from pumping down cold water into the geothermal zone, to producing electricity from the generator which is then sent into the electrical grid.

In the first step, cold water is pumped down 4.5 km underground through the injection well. Next, the water is injected into the geothermal zone, where hot rocks heat the water up as it passes through the Earth. Once the water has been heated up, it enters the production well and is then pumped up to the ground and into the condenser.

The last two stages are carried out above ground at the power plant. First of all, steam is produced from the hot water in the condenser. In the following step, the steam passes into the turbine and makes it spin. Finally, the generator, which is powered by the turbine, produces electricity where it is then transferred into the electric grid via power lines.

Analysis of the Model Answer

Green = active      Red = passive       Bold = Sequencers      Purple= relative clauses

In the first step, cold water is pumped down 4.5 km underground through the injection well. Next, the water is injected into the geothermal zone, where hot rocks heat the water up as it passes through the Earth. Following this, once the water has been heated up , it enters the production well and is then pumped up to the ground and into the condenser.

Use Sequencers when describing a process, here are some examples:

• To begin with / starting from
• 
in the first step
• 
in the next stage
• 
next
 / then
• following this

• after that

• subsequently

• 
finally / lastly

Notice how I have grouped the information:



Main body 1 –  I wrote about the process underground. 
 Main body 2 – I wrote about the process above ground.

Here is a useful link for the rules around using active and passive grammar: https://webapps.towson.edu/ows/activepass.htm

Any questions? comment below.

3 thoughts on “IELTS academic writing task 1: process diagram”

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IELTS Writing Task 1: Process Questions

Introduction.

In Part 1 of the IELTS Writing test, you might be asked to describe a process. IELTS Task 1 process questions are not as common as charts  or graphs , but they do come up occasionally. They are much easier to answer than the other Task 1 questions, but many people do not prepare for them at all. This is a big risk to take because it does not take long to familiarise yourself with these questions and learn how to answer them properly.

This post will show you:

• the different types of process question
• a 5 step plan for answering any process question
• how to write an introduction
• how to pick out the main features and write an overview
• how to write about each stage in detail
• how to sequence your language

Different Types of Process Question

There are generally two different types of process question: natural and man-made.

Natural processes include things like the life cycle of a butterfly or frog, pregnancy, the water cycle or how cows produce milk.

You might also be asked to describe a man-made process like how coffee, tea, beer or wine are made, how cement or bricks are produced or how an ATM or the internet works.

It does not matter if it is man-made or a natural process. The same skills and system we use to answer process questions are the same for both.

Writing Task 1 Process Questions: 5 Step Plan

To understand the task and quickly make a plan to answer process questions you should follow the 7 steps below:

• Understand the process. Find the start and the end of the process. Count how many stages there are and understand what each stage does and the relationship it has with the stage before and after it.
• Paraphrase the question.
• Describe what is happening generally in 2 sentences. This is your overview paragraph and I will show you how to write this in more detail below.
• Divide the process in two and write two separate paragraphs detailing each stage of the process.
• Check your work.

Understand the Process

One of the most challenging things about these questions is having to write about something you have never seen or heard of before.

Don’t worry, try to remember two things.

First, the examiner knows that you have probably never seen this process before and you have only 20 minutes to write about it. They do not expect a perfect answer. Just pick out the main features and report them accurately.

Second, you can quickly understand any process by asking yourself these questions:

• Where does the process start and where does it end?
• How many stages are there?
• Is it a man-made process or natural process?
• Is it a cyclical (in a circle) or linear (one start point and one end point) process?
• Are there any materials that need to be added to the process?
• What is produced?
• What does each stage of the process do?
• What are the relationships between each stage?

The processes you will be asked to write about in the IELTS test will not be very complicated and you should be able to easily answer all of the questions above. When you do this you will completely understand what is happening and you will be able to start writing your answer.

Paraphrase the Question

Every process question follows the same format. First, it tells you some general information about the process and then it instructs you to ‘Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features.’

For example, the question above states:

The diagram below shows the process of photosynthesis. (General information) Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features. (Instructions)

The first thing we need to do in every question is to paraphrase the general information. Paraphrasing  is one of the most important IELTS skills to master. We paraphrase a sentence by rewriting it so that the words are different but the meaning stays the same. There are a few different ways we can do this but the easiest way is to use synonyms and change the word order of the sentence. Synonyms are different words that have the same meaning, for example, woman and female.

Let’s look at the questions above and paraphrase them.

Question 1 : The diagram below shows the process of photosynthesis.

Paraphrased : The illustration demonstrates how plants produce energy from sunlight.

Question 2 : The diagram below shows how electricity is produced in a nuclear power station.

Paraphrased : The illustration below shows the process of how nuclear power plants make electricity.

Every time you see an Academic Task 1 question rewrite the question and this should be your first paragraph. We can now move on and write our next paragraph; the overview.

Overview of Process

The overview is probably the most important paragraph in the whole essay. If you do not write an overview it is extremely difficult to get a high mark in IELTS Task 1, however, if you learn how to write a good one, you are far more likely to get the score you deserve.

Overviews for process questions can be done quite easily by asking yourself a few questions. The answers to these questions will allow you to form 2 overview sentences.

• Is it a man-made or natural process?
• Where does it start and where does it end?
• Is it cyclical or linear?
• Are any materials added?

You might not be able to answer all of these for each process question, but you will always be able to answer enough of them to be able to write a good overview.

Detail Each Stage of the Process

Now that we have paraphrased the question and provided an overview we need to tell the examiner about each stage in more detail.

• say what each stage does
• what it produces
• if any materials are added
• and/or discuss the relationship with the previous or subsequent stages.

Sequencing the Process

Try to sequence your language and make your details easier to read by using language like:

• First of all
• Following that
• Subsequently
• Before that

Make sure you know the meaning and grammar of the words and phrases above before you use them. Do not use them if you are not 100% sure about how they should be used in a sentence.

Check Your Essay

You should try to leave 3-4 minutes at the end to check and improve your work. Many students do not do this because they feel they do not have enough time, however, it is better to try and get everything done in 15 minutes and then check and refine your work, than do everything in 20 minutes.

Things that you should check are:

• Are there any spelling or punctuation mistakes?
• Are the verbs the correct tense?
• Does the process I describe make sense? Does it match the diagram?
• Is there any vocabulary repetition we could remove with synonyms?
• Do I have 4 clear paragraphs?
• Did I write over 150 words?
• Have I included things only obvious from the diagram?
• Have I included the main features in the overview?

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I started IELTS Advantage as a simple blog to help 16 students in my class. Several years later, I am very humbled that my VIP Course has been able to help thousands of people around the world to score a Band 7+ in their IELTS tests.

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IELTS Writing Process Diagram Vocabulary for Task 1

On IELTS Writing Task 1, you’ll need to describe a graphic. Sometimes, this can be a type of chart . Other times, it will be a process diagram. So how do you know what process diagram vocabulary IELTS examiners are looking for? That’s where Magoosh comes in!

In this post, we’ll look at words and phrases you can use to describe processes on IELTS Academic Writing Task 1 . (And for additional tips on IELTS vocabulary, check out our collection of the best IELTS Writing tips and Task 1 Language and Vocabulary guide !)

What is a Process Diagram on the IELTS?

A process diagram is an illustration that shows you how something is done. It could be anything from the creation of a product to the recycling cycle (as in this IELTS Task 1 process example !)

Generally, you’ll find two types of process questions. The first is a manufacturing process: something that humans do. The second is a natural process: something that occurs in nature.

Within your essay, you won’t need to come up with deep insights or hypotheses about the diagram that you’re looking at. Instead, you’ll simply need to follow the prompt, describing what you see. This can be surprisingly complex, so practice is crucial.

No matter what type of process the prompt asks you to write about, you can use the same kinds of process vocabulary IELTS words and phrases in your response!

Process Diagram Vocabulary for IELTS

Words to describe the type of diagram.

• Distributes
• Human-produced

This diagram illustrates the man-made process that a company uses to distribute natural gas to consumers. Overall, this seven-step , linear process illustrates which types of consumers the company prioritizes.

This diagram depicts the natural hydrological cycle process by which water moves through the environment. This cyclical process involves steps , such as evaporation, condensation, and precipitation.

Words to Describe the Steps in the Process

• First/firstly
• Second/secondly
• After/afterwards/once
• Subsequently
• Finally/lastly

Process Diagram Vocabulary IELTS Examples

First , the product begins in the design stage . Following this , prototyping and 3D printing occur. Next , the product moves to the production stage .

In the first step of this process, three things happen simultaneously. Light, water and carbon dioxide all enter the chloroplast. Once this has happened, the water enters the thylakoid and carbon dioxide becomes part of the Calvin cycle in the second step . Subsequently , in the third step , the chloroplast produces oxygen and sugar.

Words to Describe a Cycle or Repetition

• Continues indefinitely
• Repetitious

This cyclical process technically begins when a new product is produced, though it can continue to loop indefinitely .

While the linear process is technically complete after Delivery (Step 7), the diagram depicts this as a repetitious , or cyclical , process. This is likely because the need for additional goods will recur , and so the cycle of the delivery process could theoretically continue indefinitely .

Verbs to Know for Describing a Process

The rock cycle process begins with weathering and erosion. It then continues with transport and deposition. The process ends with melting rock in magma.

Clarification follows the pressing stage. The cycle then ends as the wine is bottled and shipped.

Eliot Friesen-Meyers is the Senior Curriculum Manager for Magoosh IELTS and TOEFL. He attended Goshen College (B.A.), New York University (M.A.), and Harvard University (M.T.S.), gaining experience and skills in curriculum development, ESOL instruction, online teaching and learning, and IELTS and TOEFL test prep education. Eliot’s teaching career started with Literacy Americorps in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and later, taught ESL programs at Northeastern University, University of California-Irvine, and Harold Washington College. Eliot was also a speaker at the 2019 TESOL International Conference . With over 10 years of experience, he understands the challenges students face and loves helping them overcome those challenges. Come join Eliot on Youtube , Facebook , and Instagram . Recent blog posts Complete Guide to IELTS Writing Task 1 Complete Guide to IELTS Writing Task 2

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IELTS Diagram: Model Answer Band Score 9

This IELTS diagram model answer is estimated at band score 9. It is possible to have a diagram in your IELTS writing task 1 academic paper. A diagram is also known as a process. The diagram shown below is from IELTS Cambridge Book 8, Test 3.

The diagram below shows the stages and equipment used in the cement-making process, and how cement is used to produce concrete for building purposes. Source: IELTS Cambridge English Test Book 8

Diagram Model Answer

The diagrams illustrate the steps and equipment involved in the production of cement and the way in which cement is then used to make concrete.

Overall, limestone and clay pass through four stages before being bagged ready for use as cement. Cement is then combined with three other materials to create concrete. While the process of making cement uses a number of tools, the production of concrete is simpler and requires only a concrete mixer.

In the first stage of making cement, limestone and clay are crushed together to form a powder. This powder is then combined in a mixer before passing into a rotating heater which has constant heat applied at one end of the tube. The resulting mixture is ground in order to produce cement. The final product is afterwards put into bags ready to be used.

Regarding the second diagram, concrete consists of mainly gravel, which is small stones, and this makes up 50% of the ingredients. The other materials used are sand (25%), cement (15%) and water (10%). These are all poured into a concrete mixer which continually rotates to combine the materials and ultimately produces concrete.

Comments: This diagram gives a concise introduction. The overview contains key features of both diagrams and also highlights the connection between them. The body paragraphs are organised well and linking devices are used flexibly and accurately. Each body paragraphs explained the steps of each process in a logical order. Complex sentences are accurate and there is also passive voice used. Collocations are well used.

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Should not the second last sentence in the second paragraph say grind instead of ground?

The second last sentence in the first body paragraph uses the passive voice: is ground. You create the passive voice using the verb “to be + past participle”. The past participle of grind is ground. Diagrams quite commonly use the passive voice in sentences.

The diagram illustrates the production of cement through various stages involved along with several tools used. Further it demonstrates how this cement is utilized for the generation of concrete which is essential for building purposes.

It is apparent from the diagrams that the production of cement involves undergoing several stages such as mixing , rotation and grinding. This cement is then used for the formation of concrete which undergoes a simple process of mixing various substances such as with water , sand and gravel.

Initially limestone and clay are allowed to pass through crusher and this outcome is transferred to Mixer. The product formed after mixing moves towards the rotating heater accompanied by heat produces the pre-form of cement. This pre-form then allowed to pass through the Grinder to form a final powder type material called cement which is ready to be packed into bags .

Now 15% of cement is mixed with 10% of water along with 25 % and 50% of sand and grovel (composed of small stones) respectively. At next this final mixer passed through the concrete mixer process. After rigorous rotation ,we get concrete as the final product ready to be used as construction material.

The two diagrams delineate how cement is manufactured and used to make concrete for the purpose of construction.

Overall, the procedure of cement making involves five steps, divided into two primary stages of processing raw materials and packaging, while the concrete production comprises only one step of mixing the ingredients together.

Regarding the first diagram, natural products such as limestone and clay are poured into the crushing machine, where they are passed between the two rollers to form a fine powder. Following this, the resultant powder is then placed in a mixing equipment for blending, after which a direct heat source is applied to a rotating heater to raise its temperature. Next, the hot amalgam is broken down into finer particles by a grinder to create cement, whereupon it is then put into bags to be distributed to construction sites.

As required, the cement is spun in a concrete mixer, accounting for 15% of the total mixture, along with 10% of water, 25% of sand and 50% of gravel. The final product of this treatment is concrete to be used for building various structures. (184 words)

Please any one review my task 1: The diagram illustrates the way to produce cement by using these materials, secondly, how to convert cement into concrete and develop concrete for construction purposes from cement. Overall, the cement production starts from Limestone and Clay, after completing the stage then ending up disappearing into the cement bags. Concrete is generated from cement after involving water and contributes stones around about 50 percent The cement-making uses a number of tools and creates concrete using a concrete mixer. There are first linear graph relays on 10 steps and concrete on 5 parts. In the stage of making cement, the Limestones and clay are crushed into form powder. After that mixer has been rounded heater and transferred to the heat view. After completing the heat stage, the grinder grinds the heat and produces actual cement. The cement is packed in bags to be sold in the market. In the second diagram, cement and water have a crucial role in producing concrete. Just 15 percent cement and approximately 10 percent water are used for making concrete. Gravel is almost 50 percent and sand 25 percent of usage through the concrete mixer. The concrete mixer combine all item in one stage and, finally, change cement into concrete format. The small stones used 50 percent as compared to other tools.

The diagrams depict the process of cement production and its further usage to make concrete for construction.

Overall, there are two major stages which can be determined: cement production, which has 4 steps and requires multiple tools and less complicated concrete making.

Initially, limestone and clay are combined together to be crushed by a crasher. Once the crushed powder is ready, it goes through the mixer to the rotating heater, where under the influence of heat, from the opposite end of the tube, the mixture is being rotated. After this step is finished, the mixture is grinded by a grinder in order to become cement. The final step is to place cement into bags for storing and further usage.

At this point, concrete is ready to be made. In order to do this, 4 ingredients are needed: a quarter of sand, 10% of water, 15% of cement and 50% of gravel, which are small stones. All the ingredients are mixed together in a concrete mixer, which makes concrete by constant rotating.

This diagram clearly depicts the step-by-step process of cement production and its role in the creation of concrete. The production of cement involves 8-10 rigorous stages that are essential for its creation. On the other hand, concrete is formed by combining cement, water, sand, and gravel in varying proportions. The initial stage of cement creation involves blending limestone and clay to form a fine powder, which is then mixed with other ingredients and heated at high temperatures in a rotating heater. The resulting substance is then ground in a grinder and stored in different bags. Furthermore, the second diagram emphasizes that gravel is the primary component of concrete, constituting 50% of the ingredients, followed by cement (15%), water (10%), and sand (25%). These constituents are combined in a rotating concrete mixer to produce the final product.

The diagram illustrates the manufacturing process of cement production and the way in which concrete is manufactured from the cement.

Overall, the cement is manufactured in 8-10 stages. Whereas, concrete is produced using cement, water, sand, and gravel in different proportions.

In the first stage of cement making, limestone, and clay are mixed together and powder is formed. Then after this powder is taken into the mixer and mixed with several ingredients. through which it passes through the rotating heater and is heated at high temperature, and then finally the product is grinded in a grinder and the cement is kept in different bags.

Regarding the second diagram, concrete consists mainly of gravel, which is small stones, and this makes up 50% of the ingredients, The other materials are cement (15%), water (10%), and sand (25%). These all ingredients are poured into a concrete mixer which continuously rotates to combine the materials and ultimately produces concrete.

Hi liz, Please correct my mistakes and guess the band score of my writing.

The diagram illustrates the raw materials and the process with the corresponding equipment required for making cement and how the concrete is produced for building purposes using cement and other ingredients. Overall, cement which is mixed with different ingredients(water , sand, and gravel) is produced from 4 main stages where raw materials (Limestone and Clay) are used.

At first, limestone and clay is passed through crusher to break it down in the form of powder which is then passed through the mixer. The mixed powder is then passed to next station where it is heated by rotating heater to make cement granules. And finally, it is passed through grinder to make it fine particles which is then packed into bags ready to use.

Regarding the second diagram, cement is used for concrete production which accounts for 15% of total ingredients to be used. The cement is then mixed with 10% of water ,25% of sand and 50% of gravel(small stones) in the concrete mixer which is then rotated for certain time to make final product of concrete which can be used for building purposes.

The two diagrams show the different stages and equipment used in the process of making cement, and how is cement used in the production of concrete.

Overall, there are four different phases a limestones and clay have to passed through before it became cement and ready for use, while making concrete requires only 1. While the process of making cement uses numbers of equipment, only mixer is being used in making a concrete.

In making cement, Firstly, the limestones and clay will pass through a crusher. This crusher will break the limestones and clay into a smaller piece till they became powder in appearance, then they will be put into a mixer to mix them evenly. After that, the mixed powder will pass again through a tube which is connected to a rotating heater which has constant heat at the end of it. From this point, the product will then go to a grinder and from then cement is made and is ready for bagging.

In concrete production, combinations of different amount of materials like cement at 15%, sand 25 %, water and small stones at 10 % and 25 % respectively are being put in a concrete mixer and all of these will be mixed together and the end product is a concrete which is ready for making buildings.

The given diagrams represent about the procedure and equipment required while producing cement and eventually concrete from obtained cement. The obtain cement has been filed in the plastic bags. On the contrary, in the complete production of concrete, cement work as raw material. Initially Limestone and Clay has been mixed and passed through a crusher which crush and convert in powder form. This will then pass to a mixer which help in mixing the power and then pass through a rotating heater which has passed over-heat. It is crucial to give the proper amount of heat before passing to the grinder which is the final stage before producing cement which would then be pack in plastic bag and ready for sell. On the other hand, it has been observed with the shared diagram that the Gravel (tiny [pieces of stones] consists half of the total composition (50%). The rest half has been further divided in three parts. The first of them is sand which constitutes one-fourth of the total composition. The rest one-fourth after (50% of Gravel & 25% of sand) constitutes (cement and water).

The diagrams illustrate the process of making cement through various steps and one step procedure of making concrete with the help of cement. Overall, lime stone and clay is being processed through many paces, untill it is packed into bags; Moreover, this cement is being used in the production of concrete with other three ingredients. while the cement production is quite a complicated procedure as compared to making concrete which has only one step. In the first picture , clay and lime stones are being crushed to form powder which is next sent to the mixing cylinder. In the next phase the mixer is being heated in a rotating heater with a continuous heat resource from the one side of it , now the mixer is ready to be ground in a grinder and finally cement is ready to be packed. Regarding the second diagram, there are four ingredients water,cement, sand ,and gravel which is small stones and used in large quantity, with the ratio of 10%, 15%, 25% and 50 % respectively are poured together into a concrete mixer. The concrete mixer rotates the materials continuously to form concrete , Finally. please anyone can check my task and point out my mistakes. Moreover ,let me know my scores.

The first picture illustrates the way in which cement with materials is made step by step, and the second picture shows how is concrete produced by cement for the infrastructure of buildings in one step.

Overall, it is conspicuous that the process of cement manufacture is made up of 4 stages, commencing with providing initial materials namely, limestone, and clay, after which they together combine, and at the end contents are placed in large bags. While the function of making cement uses several tools, the production of concrete requires only a concrete mixer.

At the first stage of this process, limestone and clay where were pressed by a crusher, and the resulting forcing form a powder, drawn into the mixer, during which prepared for the heat spinning step. Having been heated, the materials passed through the rotating heater, the resulting mixture is placed on the grinder machine. The output of this step is cement, which is packed in bags before being delivered to the market. Regarding the second diagram, at the same time as the device rotates clockwise, add ingredients to it. A concrete mixer is a specifically designed man-made contraction, which integrates primarily ingredients together, with 15% of cement, 10% of water, 25% of sand, and gravel which consist of the largest percentage of it therefore 50% of small stones, the resulting compounding is concrete.

The given diagrams describe the two processes necessary to produce concrete that is used for building. The first process being cement production, the second being the production of concrete using the cement produced in the former step.

The initial step in cement production, is crushing limestone and clay by means of a roller crusher that turns both raw materials into a powdery form. this powder is then passed to a mixer just right before it goes into the rotating heater, heated by a heatgun. to wrap up the process, the heated product goes through a grinder to produce the final shape of cement that is put in bags.

Secondly, 4 different raw materials are poured into the concrete mixer. However, in a rather specific and detailed proportions. Half of that mixture consists of gravel which is basically tiny stones. Sand comes after by quater of the whole mixture. Finally cement and water, 15% and 10% respectively. The mixer rotatry action does the rest to produce a homogenous and integral final product of concrete.

Your ideas are too much preferable for me. I enjoy your ideas and what you are trying to say in your Diagram.❤️

The diagram illustrates tools, ingredients and steps cement needs to go through in order to become concrete and be used as a construction material.

Overall, before becoming a ready to use material, concrete needs to go over two main phases, the cement production phase, where cement is made and packaged, and the concrete production phase, where concrete is made mixing cement with other rock.

With regards to cement production, a powder resulted from the crushing process of two rocks, Limestone and Clay, is conducted through a pipe to a rotating heater where heat is applied. Furthermore, A grinder is used to grind the mix transforming it to cement that get packaged after that in cement bags.

In concrete production phase, 15% cement, 10% water, 25% sand and 50% small stones of gravel are mixed together in a rotation motion by the concrete mixer, the outcome of this process is concrete that’s ready to be used for building purposes.

The diagram illustaters tools, ingredients and steps cement needs to go through in order to become concrete and be used as a constraction material.

Overall, before becoming a ready to use material, concrete needs to go over two main phases, the cement production phase and concrete production phase.

With regards to cement production, a powder resulted from the crushing proccess of two rocks, Limestone and Clay, is conducted through a pipe to a rotating heater where heat is applied. Furthermore, A grinder is used to grind the mix transforming it to cement that get packaged after that in cement bags.

In concrete production phase, 15% cement, 10% water, 25% sand and 50% small stones of gravel are mixed together in a rotation motion by the concrete mixer, the outcome of this proccess is a ready to use concrete.

Was going through the model answers so the overview and the introduction, are they combined in the first paragraph .

It is possible to combine them and I usually do so for diagrams which otherwise have a short introduction. However, the intro and the overview are separate statements even when put in the same paragraph.

Thank you 😊

Ocean of 😊 thanks

You’re welcome 🙂

hi liz. sometimes it happened that we are given small process in which it is difficult to complete word count then what should be done in such situation.

IELTS does not produce task 1 diagrams or maps etc which cannot be completed within 20mins. This test is designed by professionals, checked and double checked.

The figure illustrates the method for the manufacturing of cement in different steps with the instruments involved in the process. Furthermore, the application of the cement for the production of concrete to build architectural structures is demonstrated. Overall, cement production is a stepwise process that involves combination of different materials like limestone and clay with different machineries including crusher, mixer, heater and grinder. Then, in order to implement this cement in building mega structures, it has to be converted into concrete. Initially, cement synthesized by crushing limestone and clay into a powder that further pass through mixer into the rotating heater. Through external flame, heat was provided to the rotating heater to properly mix the powder under elevated temperature. Then heated powder pass through grinder to finally convert into cement. Then cement was packed into the bags. For the manufacturing of concrete, this synthesized cement was used that comprise of 15 % of all ingredients. Furthermore, half of the concrete constitute of small stones known as Gravel and sand cover the other quarter with 10 % water. All these ingredients collectively mix in concrete mixer to blend the final product.

The diagram here illustrates how cement is produced and how its is used for production of concrete. It includes a description of the processes and steps used in order to reach the end product, that is concrete.

First, to produce cement; limestone and clay are crushed and mixed together . Once that is done, the mixture is passed through a roller where eternal heat is provided which results in grainy cement. This grainy cement is then passed through a grinder again to get fine cement powder. This Cement is then ready to be packed in bags.

Now, to produce the concrete, this cement is used in a ratio of 15 % with 10 % of water, 25% sand and 50% gravel. All of this is together put in a concrete mixer, which mixes them all together and produces Concrete.

Overall, you can see that in order to produce concrete, cement is required and here it shows a complete process of how cement is produced and further used to produce concrete.

Geraldine says the diagram illustate the level of materials consumed in the manufacturing of cement, and the use of cement in producing concrete for building purposes.

How ever, in the cement making production the limestone and the clay are crushed together to form a powder, then transfered into the mixer before passing through the rotating heater to heat. Then down to the grinder for the grounding process for cement conversion then poured into the cement bag for use.

The second process shows that (15%) of cement (25%) sand (50%) gravel which is the small stone plus (10%) of water are all mixed together into the concrete mixer for the concrete production.

The diagram display the processes and tools involved in producing cement and how it is converted into concrete for the purpose of building.

Overall, the process of making cement involve the use of limestone and clay which undergoes four stages and equipment while concrete production requires only one process and tool.

In the first digram, limestone and clay are added into a crusher where they are crushed into a powder and then thoroughly mixed in a mixer. Subsequently, the mixed product enters into a rotating heater which has a source of heat at an extreme end. Furthermore, the heated product is grinded with a grinder into cement which is then poured into various bag.

In the second diagram, 15% of cement, 10% of water, 25% of sand and 50% gravel which is a type of small stone is added into a concrete mixer. At this point, the ingredient is thoroughly mixed to give rise to concrete which can be utilize for building.

The diagrams illustrate how to make concrete for buildings with the help of processing cement with its stages and equipments used. Overall, limestone and clay pass through four stages before being bagged ready for use as cement which is 15% ingredient of concrete. While the process of making cement uses a number of tools, the production of concrete requires only a concrete mixer. In the first stage of cement production, limestone and clay are crushed together to make the form of powder. Then the powder is collected in the mixer before passing into a rotating heater which has constant heat exposure at the end of the tube. The resulting mixture is ground in order to produce cement. After the final product is put into bags, then it is ready to be used as a component of making concrete. Regarding the second diagram, concrete consists of 50% of gravel which is small stones. The other materials used for concrete production are sand (25%), cement (15%) and water (10%). All these ingredients are poured into a concrete mixer which is constantly rotates to combine the materials to produce concrete.

Total 187 words.

The above diagram illustrates the stages and equipment used in the cement making process, and how cement is used in the production of concrete for building purpose. Cement is one of the four ingredients involved in production of concrete. Initially, ground limestone and clay are added to a crusher to break into smaller particles. This fine powder is next added to a mixer to create a perfect blend of the two. Later the mixed powder is sent into a rotating heater, to which heat is supplied from one end. After heating the mixture, the heated mixture is added to a grinder to make a fine powder. The obtained fine powder is cement. Cement is packed in bags and distributed accordingly. Regarding the second diagram, concrete consists of mainly gravel, which is broken stone and accounts to 50% of the ingredients. Other ingredients are cement (15%), water (10), sand (25%) and gravel (50%). All ingredients are added into a concrete mixer is said proportions and mixed thoroughly to produce concrete.

The Diagram above Illustrates all necessary steps and equipment that are followed and used while making cement, further how it is used to make concrete for different building projects. The process followed for making cement is first limestone and clay are crushed and are mixed in a mixer to properly combine them together, after that the mixture is then heated in a rotating heater once this process is completed the final step is grinding and then finally cement is ready to use. In concrete production, there are four things that are combined together with proper measurement, things combined together are as follows, Cement [15%], Water [10%], sand [25%], and gravel [50% gravel are small stones] these four materials are mixed in a mixer and concrete is ready to use

Please evaluate. The diagram illustrates the various stages employed in the production of cement and also the method used to make concrete. Overall, limestone and clay passes through four main stages in order to make the final product, which then further added with three more ingredients in a mixer to produce concrete. In the production of the cement several tools along with heating medium are used whereas concrete making process needed only a mixer.

Initially, limestone and clay passes through a crusher which crushes them into a powder. Now this powder passes through a mixer, which mix it well. Next stage is rotating heater, where continuous heat is applied after this the heated powder allowed to pass from a grinder which shapes it into the final product. From here the cement is poured and packed into bags in order to process it for commercial purposes.

For concrete making, mainly four ingredients Gravels, sand, cement and water in particular proportions are used (50%, 25%, 15% and 10% respectively). All four are fed into a mixer, which rotates constantly and mixes them to form the concrete.

The diagram illustrates the production of a cement which is then used to from the concrete. overall, the limestone and clay are used to form cement after passing through several steps like crushing, mixing, heating and grinding. this cement is then used to form the concrete by mixing with other ingredients in a concrete mixer. Firstly the limestone and clay are crushed to form a powder this powder is then mixed together in a mixer for passing through a rotatory heater where constant heat is applied. Furthermore this heated powder is then grinded to form cement which is stored in bags for delivery regarding second diagram the concrete is made by adding cement and other two ingredients like water and sand into a main ingredient which is gravel(50%) that are fine stones . All these ingredients are mixed together in a concrete mixer to form concrete which is used as a building material.

The diagram shows the ways in which bricks are made for the building industries. Overall, there are eight stages in the whole producing process, beginning with the digging up the clay and culminating in delivery. In the initial stage of the process, the clay used to make the bricks is dug up from the ground by a large digger before placing onto a metal grid which is used to turn the bricks into smaller pieces. A roller assists in this process. Following this, sand and water are added to the clay in order to turn into bricks by either placing it into a mould or using a wire cut. Next, these bricks is placed in a drying oven to dry for 24-48 hours. Once the bricks have gone through heating and cooling process, they are then heated in a kiln at a moderate and then a high temperature ranging from 200 C – 1300 C, followed by cooling process in a cooling chamber. Having been left in the chamber for 48-72 hours, the bricks are then packed and delivered to their destinations. Hey Liz, I am Shukhrat from Uzbekistan. Can you have a look at this? Does this process deserve to get high band score in IELTS?

Mam Liz, is it true that that process diagrams and flow charts have a very very small chance to actually be asked in the exam?

They can appear at any time. If your results are important to you, do not presume that diagrams or maps are unimportant.

I know this is an old comment but incase someone else passes by this-

I didn’t study maps thoroughly because someone I was studying said “I’ve never seen that, they’re never going to ask that.”

Behold- it was the task I got on exam. Hahahaha.

Prepare for all types of tasks unless you’re willing to schedule multiple exams in a week to counteract the odds. 😉

Sorry to hear you got caught out. Yes, any type of task can appear in task 1. It is essential to prepare for all of them.

hello liz, regarding this essay, shouldn’t “ground” in the second paragraph and at the end of the third line be grounded?

No. The past tense of “to grind” is “ground” or “grinded”.

Hello Liz I am an ardent fan of your tutorials..i just want to ask one thing about task 1..shall we write it in present tense or past tense if nothing is mentioned about time like in process tyoe questions

If no date is given, use the present tense.

Hi liz …. u r commendable.. very precise way of teaching … luv u so much

Thanks a lot for this wonderful website Ieltsliz😍😍😍

Hi Liz, Instead of ‘overall’, can we use ‘To outline’ Thanks

Why change the signpost “overall”? It is the best signpost to indicate an overview. This is formal, report writing. It will not improve your score to change that signpost.

I have a question … do we need to write process in passive voice or active only ?

You will use a combination of both.

The diagrams explains the steps and equipments utilize in the production of cement and the way in which concrete are formed for housing reasons. Overall, it can be deduced that the process of cement making used four equipments and two materials. In contrast, concrete was produced from four materials that was mixed together in one machine which rotates in a gradual motion.

First of all, the production of cement was made with limestone and clay which was crushed to powder and then passed through the mixer. Then, the materials was heated at the end of the rotating heater tube before it was grounded. Later on, the cement produced was packed into bags.

However, in the production of concrete, four materials were used compared to cement production that utilized two resources. 15% of cement which was made from limestone and clay was added to 25 percent of sand. Two times the size of sand represents the size of gravel which is small stones. Moreover, 10% of water was also added. All this material were mixed in a concrete mixer which rotates in a gradual movement.

Dear Liz, I noticed a difference between what you said on one tutorial and this example here. Should overall be separated into a single paragraph or not?

There are no fixed rules. Diagrams generally have a very very short introduction. Sometimes it is no more than 10 words. For that reason I put the overview in the same paragraph. It’s fine to do that. For all other task 1, I keep it as a separate paragraph. The most important thing is using the word “overall” to indicate to the examiner that it is the overview and making sure all key features are highlighted.

The flow chart illustrates the process of making cement, while the other diagram shows how different materials are combined with the product to produce concrete.

Overall, cement manufacturing takes four steps, beginning with crushing and ending with cement in bags. Regarding concrete production, different materials in constituencies are added/mixed to under rotation to make concrete.

Cement making steps are as follows: First and foremost, inputs namely; limestone and clay are put in a crusher where they are grinded to produce powder. Then, the material is channeled into a mixer where it is mixed thoroughly. The next stage involves passing the powder into rotating heater where heat is applied, the resource is rotated consequently, as heater rotates. The final stage focuses on the by-product which is crushed under grinder to produce cement which is put in bags.

Looking at concrete production diagram, initials stage: water (10%), cement (15%), sand (25%) and gravel (50%) are added together in concrete mixer, then, the mixer is put under rotation and the inputs are mixed to produce concrete.

Word count: 180 words

It’s really helpful

The diagram provides information about the different levels and tools required in the production of cement, and how cement contributes to the making of concrete for construction purposes.

Overall, the manufacturing of cement requires a dry process, while concrete production on the other hand is a wet method. Also, the mixer Isa necessary equipment in both cement and concrete making.

The first stage in the production of cement is crushing ofboth limestone and clay to give a fine powdered mixture,after which it is transported into the mixer for thorough mixing. Next the mixture enters the rotating heater were heat is directly acted upon it. Then the heated mixture is poured into the grinder for more grinding of the particulars. The result is cement and then they are packed into bags for distribution and use

The making of concrete requires the combination of cement (15%), water(10%), sand (25%) and small stones called gravel also by 50%). The composition is poured into the concrete mixer for proper mixing of every ingredients.

This example is helpful for me and i learnt lot of things related to way we can use connectors include then and afterwards . I want next example about flow chart and pie chart. Thanks if you read it then comment also.

You can find model answers and tips for writing task 1, in the writing section of the website. Just click on the RED MENU BAR at the top of the website 🙂

Hi Liz, thanks for your painstaking efforts to produce these materials. I wish to ask, could the overviews for the two diagrams be given separately. Can it be done in different paragraphsis. Thank you

Yes, definitely. You can write the overview separately. I usually do for my task 1 but I occasionally like to offer alternatives.

Hi liz, Thanks for your up-to-date informations. I want to ask a question that is it okay to write a overveiw in 2nd paragraph and again in the end add a conclusion paragraph in another way, I mean by another prospective in writing task 1?

You are being marked on your ability to group information together – not to repeat it and scatter it in different paragraphs.

Hi Liz, Can the overview come last?

Sure. But don’t miss it. It is the most important paragraph in task 1. See this page: https://ieltsliz.com/ielts-writing-task-1-lessons-and-tips/

Hi Liz, I cannot upload answer to first IELTS Bar Chart Practice Sample question ( men ,women and children eating five portions of fruits and vegetables). Please share a link for the answer. Thank you.

Try the main writing task 1 page. Click on the RED BAR at the top of the website.

Thanks madam Liz, the work on your web is quite blissful

Hello Liz First of all, thank you for your videos, tips and all you do for us. I want to know one thing. Do we have to write writing tasks in IELTS with handwriting?

If you are taking normal IELTS, it will all be hand written. However, there are some countries and some test centers that offer computer delivered IELTS.

Thanks for a big support, your website is too useful.

The diagrams depict the process of cement production and its usage in making concrete.

In cement production there are 4 stages involved. In the first stage limestone and clay are crushed to powder form. This then passes through a mixer into a rotating heater, which is supplied with constant heat at one end. Afterwhich, the mixture is ground to develop cement. This final product is bagged thereafter.

The process of concrete making involves 4 items, cement(15%), sand(25%),gravel(50%) and water(10%). All these ingredients are mixed in a concrete mixer which rotates clock-wise.This process results in the formation of concrete.

Overall, the making of cement is of 4 stages, in which a number of equipments are used. As far as concrete production is concerned, all the substances are mixed in a single machine.

Hi, Liz. Firstly, I’d like to thank you for these great lessons which are very helpful for me in preparing my upcoming academic IELTS test. Secondly, I’d like to ask you if we are allowed to use/draw an arrow in the writing tasks? You know, to add some words that we’ve forgot to mention earlier. And when we use pen in writing tasks, is it okay to cross out some words, even a long sentence?

The examiner only sees the answer sheets. So you can draw, underline, , make notes, plan etc all over your question paper for listening, reading and writing. See this page: https://ieltsliz.com/ielts-help-faq/ and this page: https://ieltsliz.com/deleting-words-in-ielts-writing/ . You can find all my tips on the main pages of this site which you access through the RED BAR at the top of the website.

You are astonishing. thanks a lot for your help, time and on top of that patience.

can all diagrams be written in a passive voice? such as the tense used in the diagram above?

As seen in the model above, the tense will vary to show a range.

Hi Liz, first of all, thank you for your great advice. I was wondering about the format of writing. Are we allowed to leave space in the first sentence of every paragraph? (just to indicate that there is a new paragraph starting ?

https://ieltsliz.com/should-i-indent-my-paragraphs-in-ielts-writing/

Hi, Liz.How can we write overviews for PROCCES and Map.What data shoul we mention?

A process is another name for a diagram. All writing task 1, including diagrams and maps, MUST have an overview. It is the most important statement/paragraph in your task 1 writing. For diagrams, state the key stages. For maps, state the key changes (if it is time related) and/or the main features.

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Hướng dẫn viết dạng bài Writing Task 1 Process/Diagram chi tiết

Nắm rõ chi tiết dạng bài Writing Task 1 Process, các chiến thuật làm bài cùng kho từ vựng giúp “ghi điểm” thật cao trong phần thi này.

Chủ đề bài viết

Trong phần thi Task 1 của bài thi Viết - IELTS Writing, bạn sẽ được yêu cầu miêu tả một biểu đồ. Đó có thể là một biểu đồ cột , bản đồ , hay một quy trình dạng Process/Diagram. Về cơ bản, dạng bài này sẽ dễ hơn nhiều so với các câu hỏi Task 1 khác, tuy nhiên, vẫn có rất nhiều bạn còn chủ quan và không ôn tập dạng bài này.

Cùng tìm hiểu chi tiết dạng bài Writing Task 1 Process, các chiến thuật làm bài cùng kho từ vựng giúp “ghi điểm” thật cao trong phần thi này.

1. Tổng quan 2 dạng bài Writing Task 1 Process

Quy trình sản xuất – man-made process.

Dạng bài này miêu tả quá trình sản xuất của một nguyên liệu hoặc một sản phẩm cụ thể nào đó có sự tác động của con người. Các giai đoạn của một biểu đồ Manufacturing Process sẽ được miêu tả theo ngôn ngữ bị động. 

Quy trình tự nhiên – Natural process

Với dạng bài này, thí sinh sẽ phải miêu tả một hiện tượng tự nhiên (quá trình hình thành một cơn mưa, vòng tuần hoàn của nước), hoặc vòng đời tự nhiên của động vật (vòng đời của bướm hoặc ếch, cách bò sản xuất ra sữa). 

Ngược lại với quá trình nhân tạo có sự can thiệp của yếu tố bên ngoài, trong quy trình tự nhiên, các cá thể đều tự phát triển và vận động một cách chủ động, chúng ta dùng ngôn ngữ theo dạng chủ động để miêu tả.

2. Chiến thuật làm bài Writing Task 1 Process/Diagram

Để nhanh chóng nắm rõ yêu cầu đề bài và hệ thống các luận điểm một cách chặt chẽ, bạn có thể làm theo 5 bước dưới đây: 

Bước 1: Tìm hiểu về quy trình: Xác định điểm bắt đầu và kết thúc của quy trình để biết mình nên bắt đầu từ đâu. Bạn có thể phân tích các thông tin bằng cách trả lời những câu hỏi sau, bước này sẽ giúp bạn hiểu hoàn toàn những điều đang xảy ra trước khi chuẩn bị cho phần trả lời.  

Quá trình có bao nhiêu giai đoạn? Trình tự như thế nào? 

Đó là quá trình nhân tạo hay tự nhiên?

Mỗi giai đoạn của quá trình nói về cái gì? 

Sự liên kết của từng giai đoạn?

Bước 2: Paraphrase lại đề bài

Bước 3: Mô tả quy trình đang diễn ra trong 2 câu tổng quan. Tổng quan là yếu tố vô cùng quan trọng của bài thi IELTS Writing Task. Nếu bạn học được cách viết một phần tổng quan tốt, bạn sẽ dễ dàng ghi điểm cao hơn cho phần bài này. 

Bước 4: Xác định cách chia phần body: 

Đối với quá trình chu kỳ khép kín: Miêu tả theo số được đánh trong quy trình

Đối với quá trình có điểm đầu và điểm cuối riêng biệt: Nếu có đánh số thì miêu tả theo thứ tự số, nếu không dựa trên quy trình trong bài để xác định các bước và chia đoạn cho phù hợp

Bước 5: Phân tích chi tiết từ phần: xác định chủ thể hành động, hành động, đối tượng bị tác động, mục đích/ nguyên nhân của bước, kết quả, so sánh kết quả

Bước 6: Kiểm tra lại bài viết (cấu trúc câu, chính tả)

Xem thêm: Cách diễn giải để tăng điểm số IELTS writing

3. Cách viết Writing Task 1 Process

Introduction.

Như các dạng bài Task 1 khác, đoạn mở đầu của bài luôn bắt đầu bằng câu paraphrase đề bài được cho. Hãy viết lại đề bằng 1 câu sử dụng ngôn ngữ, cấu trúc của mình, tránh những từ ngữ đã xuất hiện trong đề. 

Các cấu trúc sử dụng ở phần này:

The chart/ diagram (shows/ describes/ illustrates) how +clause

The production of…

The process of producing/ making…

How…is produced/ made.

Show how to produce/ make…

At the first stage of …

Một trong những bước quan trọng của bài là tìm kiếm được chi tiết nổi bật để đưa vào phần Overview. Có rất nhiều phương pháp viết Overview hay, tuy nhiên, cách đơn giản nhất là giới thiệu ngắn gọn trình tự của process, bắt đầu và kết thúc bằng bước nào.

Các cấu trúc có thể sử dụng ở phần này:

There are .... main stages (steps) in the process/in the process of producing..., beginning with… and ending with...

The … involves …main steps/stages beginning with…and finishing with…

This flow chart provides an overview of…

Xem thêm: Tại sao câu miêu tả tổng quan (overview) rất quan trọng trong bài thi Viết IELTS Academic Task 1

Ở đoạn Body này, chúng ta có thể viết hai đoạn để trình bày miêu tả cụ thể các bước của process. Bạn có thể phân chia từ đầu giữa quy trình gói gọn trong đoạn body 1, từ giai đoạn giữa đến cuối quy trình viết cho body 2.  Và cũng đừng quên sử dụng từ nối lần lượt miêu tả kỹ từng bước . 

Cách xác định giai đoạn để chia phần Body: 

Dạng bài Circular: Với giai đoạn vòng lặp thì điểm đầu của quy trình cũng như điểm cuối. Bạn có thể hiểu rằng một quy trình khép kín thì sẽ không có điểm bắt đầu cụ thể nào. Hãy dựa vào cách đánh số trong biểu đồ để xác định trình tự phân chia các đoạn.

Dạng Linear: Nếu biểu đồ được đánh số sẵn, bạn chỉ cần dựa vào các số để chia đoạn. Nếu không có đánh số, bạn có thể dựa vào ý nghĩa của quy trình trong bài để xác định các bước và chia đoạn cho phù hợp. 

Các từ nối có thể sử dụng cho phần này:

Firstly/Secondly/Finally….

Once/When….

Before/ After….

Followed by …

Ví dụ: Bài làm được dựa trên biểu đồ Natural Process - Life Cycle – vòng đời của cá hồi bên trên:

The diagram describes how salmon grow from eggs to mature individuals.

Overall, there are three main stages in the life cycle of salmon starting with salmon eggs in the upper river and the complete cycle lasts for about 10 years.

Firstly, salmon begins life as eggs in the slow-moving upper reaches of a river, surrounded by reeds and pebbles. This shelter usually keeps the eggs safe for about five to six months before they hatch. The newborn fish normally called “fry” are very small, which are only three to eight centimeters long. The fry then follows the fast flow to the lower river and stay there for 4 years until they reach the length of twelve to fifteen centimeters. These grown fish are known as “smolt”. 

At the next stage of the life cycle, the ‘smolt’ migrate to the open sea. After approximately 5 years living in the ocean, these ‘smolt’ will have grown to adult size, which is about 70-76 centimeters. Their reproductive stage then begins as the mature salmon swims back to their birthplace and lays eggs. The salmon’s life cycle starts again at the same place where it begins.               

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4. Từ vựng “ăn điểm” Writing Task 1 Process

Bạn có thể sử dụng các từ ngữ sau giúp bài viết đạt được điểm cộng trong mắt giám khảo: 

Đối với phần thi IELTS Writing dạng Process, bạn sẽ phải sử dụng khá nhiều Sequencing Languages (Ngôn ngữ miêu tả trình tự) để trình bày các bước diễn ra, một giai đoạn hoặc quy trình rõ ràng, mạch lạc. Việc sử dụng đa dạng và chính xác những từ này sẽ giúp bạn nhận được điểm cao đối với tiêu chí Lexical Resource và Coherence & Cohesion.

4.1. Từ vựng mô tả loại biểu đồ

4.2. từ vựng mô tả các bước trong quy trình.

Để mô tả các bước trong quy trình một cách chặt chẽ, bạn nên áp dụng những từ ngữ dưới đây để tránh lỗi lặp từ:

4.3. Từ vựng mô tả một chu kỳ hoặc sự lặp lại

4.4. từ vựng thường dùng trong dạng bài natural process.

Quy trình tự nhiên (Natural Process) là dạng bài mô tả vòng đời của 1 loài động hoặc thực vật như ong, cá hồi hoặc một hiện tượng thời tiết trong tự nhiên (quá trình hình thành một cơn bão, vòng tuần hoàn của nước,…) . 

4.5. Từ vựng thường dùng trong dạng bài Man-made Process

Xem thêm: 

Tổng hợp bộ từ vựng IELTS Writing Task 1

Các dạng biểu đồ trong IELTS: Tổng quan & cách viết

Cách viết Writing Task 1 dạng Table bám sát tiêu chí chấm bài

Dựa vào các khái niệm chi tiết và chiến lược làm bài IELTS Writing Task 1, hy vọng bạn có thể vận dụng được các cấu trúc ngữ pháp, cụm từ để hoàn thành thật tốt dạng biểu đồ Process này.

Tự tin ghi điểm dạng bài Process/Diagram trong IELTS Writing!

Với các từ vựng và cấu trúc câu đa dạng liên quan đến dạng bài Process/Diagram trong phần thi IELTS Writing Task 1 ở trên, hy vọng bạn đã nắm được phần nào cấu trúc bài thi và ghi điểm thật cao trong bài làm của mình. Bạn có thể đọc thêm chiến thuật giải quyết các dạng bài ở kho tài nguyên IELTS sẵn có của IDP IELTS . 

Đừng quên dành thời gian xem qua kho tài nguyên IELTS sẵn có của IDP để chuẩn bị tốt hơn. Các tài liệu cung cấp được bao gồm Hội thảo sự kiện IELTS , Khóa học luyện thi và bí quyết làm bài từ các chuyên gia IELTS quốc tế!

Và khi bạn đã sẵn sàng, hãy đăng ký thi IELTS với IDP ngay hôm nay !

Về bài viết

Published on December 23, 2022

Quỳnh Khanh

Tôi là Quỳnh Khanh - Content Writer có hơn 5 năm về lĩnh vực giáo dục

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